Segmented Thermoelement for Wearable Temperature Difference

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional thermoelements face challenges in maintaining a sufficient temperature difference between a heat sink and a heat source due to electrical resistance and heat, making it difficult to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy, especially when they are thin in the thickness direction and require a large amount of material.

Innovation Solution

A thermoelement structure featuring a support body made of nonconductive material with rotatably connected joint portions and thermoelectric materials, including P-type and N-type materials alternately disposed, connected by metal electrodes, allowing for flexible shape adaptation and maintaining a sufficient temperature difference through minimal thermal conduction.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If the thickness of thermoelectric material is increased to maintain sufficient temperature difference, then temperature difference is improved, but device complexity and material usage increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature differenceVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The thermoelectric material is divided into multiple thin segments arranged in a multi-layer stacked configuration. Each layer includes thermoelectric material and support body alternately stacked, creating multiple thermoelectric conversion units. This segmentation allows maintaining sufficient temperature difference across thin layers while avoiding the complexity of using a single thick material layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from a single thick thermoelectric layer to a multi-layer stacked structure in the thickness direction. By stacking multiple thin layers with support bodies alternately, the design achieves sufficient temperature difference maintenance through vertical dimensionality rather than increasing horizontal thickness, thereby reducing overall device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Temperature

If the thickness of thermoelectric material is increased to maintain sufficient temperature difference, then temperature difference is improved, but material usage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature differenceVSAvoidmaterial usage
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The thermoelectric material is segmented into multiple thin layers stacked vertically, each layer being thinner than a single thick layer would be. This segmentation reduces the total quantity of thermoelectric material needed while maintaining sufficient temperature difference across the stacked structure, as each thin layer contributes to the overall temperature gradient.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

By utilizing the vertical stacking dimension, the patent achieves temperature difference maintenance through multiple thin layers rather than one thick layer. This dimensional approach reduces material usage since each layer can be optimized for minimal thickness while the stack collectively provides the required temperature gradient.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Quantity of substance

If thermoelectric material is made thin to reduce material usage, then material usage is reduced, but temperature difference maintenance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial usageVSAvoidtemperature difference
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The thin thermoelectric material is segmented into multiple layers stacked vertically, with each layer being thin (reducing material usage) but the collective stack maintaining sufficient temperature difference. The support bodies between layers help preserve the temperature gradient across the thin material sections.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses vertical stacking to compensate for the reduced thickness of individual layers. By arranging multiple thin layers in the thickness direction, the system maintains sufficient temperature difference across the entire stack while using less material overall compared to a single thick layer.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Adaptability or versatility

If conventional thermoelement structure is used with thin thickness, then device flexibility is improved, but temperature difference maintenance deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveshape adaptabilityVSAvoidtemperature difference
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The thermoelectric element is segmented into multiple thin modular layers that can be stacked and configured in flexible arrangements. This segmentation allows the thin-layer structure to adapt to various shapes while the stacked configuration collectively maintains sufficient temperature difference, resolving the contradiction between flexibility and temperature maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

By utilizing vertical stacking in the thickness direction, the patent enables thin flexible layers to maintain sufficient temperature difference through the cumulative effect of multiple layers. This dimensional approach allows shape adaptability while preserving temperature gradient across the stacked structure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enables efficient electricity generation from body temperature in wearable devices like smart watches, allowing for flexible shape fitting and effective heat management, maintaining a high temperature difference and reducing material usage.

Implementation Method 1

the element using the Seebeck effect refers to an element using the Seebeck effect that is a phenomenon in which a current is produced due to a temperature difference

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSeebeck effect: Seebeck Effect

Implementation Method 2

a support body made of nonconductive material with low thermal conductivity, which minimizes thermal conduction and maintains a sufficient temperature difference

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal insulation: Thermal Insulation

Data Source

PatentUS10121954B2Thermoelement and a wearable device comprising the same
Publication Date: 2018.11.06 IND ACADEMIC COOP FOUND YONSEI UNIV
  • US10121954B2 patent drawing
  • US10121954B2 patent drawing
  • US10121954B2 patent drawing

AI summary

Disclosed is a thermoelement including a body including a plurality of joint portions, at least two of the plurality of joint portions being rotatably connected to each other, a shaft provided to the body and configured to provide a center of rotation of the plurality of joint portions, and a thermoelectric material provided between the plurality of joint portions.