Antenna Element With Segmented Trunks for Impedance Matching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional polyline antennas have poor signal reception performance across various frequency bands due to structural limitations, resulting in a large standing wave ratio and limited effective bandwidth.
Innovation Solution
The antenna element features a two-stage structure with oppositely arranged trunks, each divided into narrow and wide segments with specific length ratios and angles, along with impedance matching assemblies, to optimize impedance matching and signal reception. This design includes feed holes, branches, and a frame with notches and extensions to enhance signal strength, particularly for UHF signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional polyline antenna structure is used, then the antenna is easy to install and has small volume, but the signal reception performance is poor with large standing wave ratio
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna trunk is divided into multiple segments with different widths (first wide segment, first narrow segment, second narrow segment, second wide segment). This segmentation allows different parts of the antenna to resonate at different frequencies, improving signal reception across multiple frequency bands while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Different segments of the antenna trunk are designed with different local properties (widths). The wide segments provide stronger signal coupling while the narrow segments contribute to resonance at specific frequencies. This local differentiation optimizes signal reception performance without requiring complete structural redesign.
2Adaptability or versatility
If traditional polyline antenna structure is used, then the structure is simple, but the effective bandwidth is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The trunk is segmented into four distinct sections with varying widths, where each segment contributes to different frequency responses. This segmentation enables the antenna to operate effectively across a broader bandwidth by combining the resonant characteristics of each segment.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna design utilizes parameter changes in the trunk width along its length. By progressively changing the width parameters from wide to narrow segments and back to wide segments, the antenna achieves multiple resonant frequencies, thereby expanding the effective bandwidth without significant structural complexity.
3Reliability
If conventional antenna structure is used, then the design is straightforward, but the standing wave ratio is large
Solution Approach 1:
The trunk segmentation creates multiple impedance transformation points along the antenna structure. Each width transition (wide to narrow, narrow to wide) acts as an impedance transformer, helping to match the antenna impedance to the feed line and reduce standing wave ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
By changing the geometric parameters (width) of different trunk segments, the characteristic impedance varies along the antenna length. This gradual impedance transformation reduces reflections and minimizes standing wave ratio, improving overall signal reception reliability.
Data Source
AI summary
An antenna element, including: a first trunk and a second trunk arranged oppositely, a plurality of first branches connecting the first trunk, and a plurality of second branches connecting the second trunk. The first trunk includes a first narrow segment and a first wide segment connecting the first narrow segment, and the second trunk includes a second narrow segment and a second wide segment connecting the second narrow segment. The first narrow segment is disposed opposite to the second narrow segment, the first wide segment is disposed opposite to the second wide segment. The first wide segment defines a first feed hole, the second wide segment defines a second feed hole at a position opposite to the first feed hole.