Segmented Tubule Sample Processing with Breakable Seals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional sample preparation methods for diagnostic assays are time-consuming, costly, and compromise sample integrity due to the need for complex instrumentation and controlled laboratory settings, often requiring samples to be transported to distant locations for processing.
Innovation Solution
The use of segmented tubules with breakable seals and reagents allows for efficient sample processing by isolating segments for different reagents and waste, enabling precise control over sample handling and minimizing contamination through directed fluid flow and reagent mixing within a compact, flexible package.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional sample processing methods are used, then sample preparation can be performed with standard laboratory equipment, but the process requires large complex instrumentation, causes delays in time to result, and increases costs
Solution Approach 1:
The processing system is divided into discrete segments within a single device, each performing a specific function (sample reception, reagent mixing, separation, analysis). This segmentation eliminates the need for large complex instrumentation while maintaining processing capability and reducing time to result.
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple sample processing functions that traditionally required separate instruments are merged into a single integrated device, including sample reception, reagent storage, mixing chambers, separation mechanisms, and analysis components, thereby simplifying instrumentation and accelerating results.
2Reliability
If samples are transported to distant locations for processing, then proper processing by skilled personnel can be achieved, but sample integrity is compromised and processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The device enables point-of-care processing where samples are analyzed at the location where they are collected, eliminating the need for transport to distant laboratories. The integrated system performs all necessary processing functions locally, preserving sample integrity and eliminating transport time delays.
3Ease of operation
If reagents are mixed with sample in open containers, then mixing is simple, but contamination from unprocessed sample surfaces occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The device uses segmented chambers that separate sample processing stages. Reagents are mixed with samples in enclosed, dedicated mixing chambers rather than open containers, preventing contamination from unprocessed sample surfaces while maintaining simple automated mixing operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The device extracts and isolates the sample and reagent mixing process into separate enclosed chambers, removing the harmful effect of contamination from unprocessed sample surfaces while keeping the mixing operation simple through automated mechanisms.
4Adaptability or versatility
If conventional processing devices are used, then standard assays can be performed, but costs are high and practicality is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The device is designed with universal, multi-functional components that can perform multiple assay types using the same basic architecture. This reduces manufacturing complexity and cost while maintaining versatility for different diagnostic applications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach simplifies sample preparation by integrating reagents and minimizing contamination, reducing processing time and costs while maintaining sample integrity, allowing for more practical and efficient diagnostic assays.
Implementation Method 1
opening a breakable seal by applying a pressure sufficient to open the breakable seal
Implementation Method 2
compressing at least one of the segment containing the preselected component and a segment containing a reagent distal of that segment
Data Source
AI summary
A method of processing a sample may include introducing a sample into a vessel, the vessel having proximal and distal ends, the sample being introduced into the proximal end of the vessel; incubating the sample in the vessel with a substance capable of specific binding to a preselected component of the sample; propelling components of the incubated sample, other than the preselected component, toward the proximal end of the vessel by clamping the vessel distal to the incubated sample and compressing the vessel where the incubated sample is contained; propelling the preselected component toward a distal segment of the vessel by clamping the vessel proximal to the preselected component and compressing the vessel where the preselected component is contained; and mixing the preselected component with a reagent in the distal segment of the vessel.