Segmented Twin Flow Turbine for Variable Exhaust Mass Flow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current exhaust gas turbochargers with variable mass flow are costly and limited to single-flow turbines, lacking a cost-effective solution for double-flow turbines, which require high temperature-resistant materials and are less efficient.
Innovation Solution
A segmented twin flow turbine with an axial partition wall in the volutes, connected to exhaust ports, allowing for two-point variability of exhaust gas mass flow and improved flow separation, utilizing deactivatable gas exchange outlet valves for efficient operation across various engine configurations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If variable inlet guide (VTG) is used for exhaust gas turbocharger, then variable exhaust gas mass flow is achieved, but turbine inlet temperature tolerance decreases and cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The turbine housing is divided into two separate volutes (first and second volutes) that are axially offset from each other. Each volute receives exhaust gas from specific cylinders independently, allowing separate control of exhaust gas flow paths. This segmentation enables the system to achieve variable mass flow without compromising temperature tolerance, as each volute can be optimized independently for its thermal and flow requirements.
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional single-flow turbine design is used, then variable mass flow is possible with VTG, but double-flow turbine configuration lacks cost-effective solution
Solution Approach 1:
The turbine housing is segmented into two independent volutes positioned axially offset from each other. The first volute receives exhaust gas from first and second cylinders, while the second volute receives exhaust gas from third and fourth cylinders. Each volute has its own exhaust gas inlet and can be independently controlled via respective gas exchange outlet valves, enabling cost-effective variable mass flow control for double-flow turbine configurations without requiring expensive high-temperature resistant materials throughout the entire system.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the turbine housing (first and second volutes) are designed with different characteristics optimized for their specific functions. The volutes are axially offset and can have different geometries, flow paths, and control mechanisms tailored to their respective exhaust gas sources and flow requirements, allowing each section to be optimized locally rather than requiring uniform high-cost materials and design throughout.
3Productivity
If axial partition wall is added to create segmented twin flow turbine, then flow separation and two-point variability are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
An axial partition wall divides the turbine housing into two separate volutes that are axially offset from each other. This partition creates independent flow paths for exhaust gas from different cylinders, enabling improved flow separation and two-point variability control. The segmentation allows each volute to be optimized for specific exhaust gas sources, enhancing charging efficiency and power output while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure through the use of a single axial partition rather than multiple complex components.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables cost-effective variable exhaust gas mass flow for double-flow turbines, reducing back pressure and enhancing efficiency by better utilizing exhaust pulses and allowing for cylinder deactivation, thereby achieving higher charging efficiency and power output.
Implementation Method 1
an exhaust gas turbine (8) which can be acted upon with exhaust gas every 180° crank angle, driving a compressor (17)
Implementation Method 2
a compressor (17) for compressing fresh air (1) to be supplied to the cylinders (2)
Data Source
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AI summary
Internal combustion engine with at least two cylinders and with an exhaust gas turbocharger having a turbine housing with four exhaust gas inlets, in which an exhaust gas turbine is rotatably arranged, wherein each cylinder has two gas exchange exhaust valves, wherein each exhaust gas inlet can be connected to each cylinder separately via a gas exchange exhaust valve through an exhaust pipe, and the turbine can be supplied with exhaust gas every 360° crank angle. The inventive design of the internal combustion engine achieves improved utilization of the exhaust gas pulse while simultaneously reducing exhaust back pressure at rated load.