Segmented Winding Electromagnetic Machine with Axial Magnets
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional electromagnetic machines, such as permanent magnet motors, face challenges due to the radial orientation of magnets which increases mass and complexity, and the need for laminations to suppress eddy currents, while also requiring sophisticated construction and higher material costs.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic machine design featuring magnets arranged in sequence with a pitch at least double their polar length within a constant cross-section space, with shaped windings inducing oppositely directed magnetic fields to act on successive poles, and using Hall Effect or optical sensors for position sensing and current control to optimize torque generation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If radial magnets are used in traditional electromagnetic machines, then magnetic field generation is achieved, but mass and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The winding structure is divided into multiple discrete segments arranged along the axial direction, with each segment having shaped parts that follow the former's cross-sectional shape. This segmentation allows for simplified construction without requiring complex laminations, as each segment can be independently positioned and connected through intervening connecting parts.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from traditional radial magnet arrangement to axial magnet arrangement, changing the spatial dimension of magnetic field generation. The magnets are now oriented with their polar axes substantially parallel to the axis of the former, utilizing the axial dimension rather than the radial dimension, thereby simplifying the overall construction.
2Loss of energy
If laminations are added to suppress eddy currents, then energy loss is reduced, but device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the lamination structure from the design. By using discrete winding segments with air gaps between them, the continuous conductive path that causes eddy currents is broken without requiring thin laminated sheets. The intervening connecting parts provide electrical connection only where needed, removing the harmful eddy current paths entirely.
3Weight of moving object
If axial magnet arrangement with pitch double polar length is used, then mass is reduced, but winding complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The winding is segmented into discrete sections corresponding to each magnet pitch, with each segment having shaped parts that follow the former's cross-section. This segmentation simplifies the winding process by breaking it into manageable units that can be independently constructed and then assembled using intervening connecting parts.
Solution Approach 2:
The winding segments are designed with universal geometry that follows the former's cross-sectional shape, allowing the same segment design to be repeated multiple times along the axial direction. This universal design approach reduces overall winding complexity by using identical or similar segments throughout the machine length.
4Force
If shaped winding parts extending back and forth are used, then torque generation is enhanced, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The shaped parts of the winding segments are designed to automatically follow and conform to the cross-sectional shape of the former. This self-aligning feature reduces manufacturing precision requirements, as the winding naturally positions itself relative to the former geometry without requiring high-precision manual positioning or complex tooling.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design reduces mass and complexity, enhances torque generation, and allows for efficient operation as both motors and generators, with improved torque output and reduced material costs through optimized magnetic field interaction and control.
Implementation Method 1
the shaped parts of the winding inducing oppositely directed magnetic fields in or around the constant cross-section space to act on successive poles of the magnets
Implementation Method 2
the shaped parts of the winding inducing oppositely directed magnetic fields in or around the constant cross-section space to act on successive poles of the magnets
Implementation Method 3
with Hall Effect or optical sensors for position sensing and current control to optimize torque generation
Data Source
AI summary
A motor (1) has a pair of journal supports (2), between which is journalled a rotor (3) on a shaft (4). The rotor has a disc (5) fast with the shaft and at right angles to it, whereby it rotates without wobble. At the circumference of the disc, a plurality of short, circular cylindrical permanent magnets (6) are provided at the same radial distance (7) from the shaft to their polar axes, tangential to the disc at their mid-point, with their polar axes in the central plane of the disc and the midpoints of the axes on a circular path (9) of radius (7), and equally spaced around the disc with an angular pitch (10) equal to double their polar length (11). A stator (12) carried by the supports on rods (14). It included two formers (15,16).