Surface-Consistent Seismic Amplitude Balancing via Weighted Group Keys
Solution Overview
Problem
Surface-consistent processing of seismic data faces challenges with non-uniqueness and long-wavelength errors due to varying coupling of sources and receivers across locations, which current methods have not effectively addressed.
Innovation Solution
The method involves generating weighted receiver and source group keys by grouping sources and receivers based on common-depth point and offset factors, and applying weights to balance seismic data, thereby reducing long-wavelength errors and enhancing the accuracy of subsurface velocity models and seismic images.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If surface-consistent processing is applied to seismic data with varying source and receiver coupling, then amplitude balancing is achieved, but long-wavelength errors occur due to non-uniqueness in the linear system
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the coupled source-receiver system into separate source terms and receiver terms in the linear system. By decomposing the amplitude balancing problem into independent source and receiver components, the system resolves the non-uniqueness issue while maintaining amplitude balancing accuracy across traces with varying coupling conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the parameter representation by introducing separate source and receiver scaling factors instead of treating them as a single coupled parameter. This parameter transformation allows the linear system to uniquely determine each component's contribution, eliminating long-wavelength errors while achieving accurate amplitude balancing
2Device complexity
If traditional amplitude balancing is used without grouping, then computational complexity is reduced, but long-wavelength errors persist due to unaccounted surface conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments receivers into multiple groups based on surface conditions and introduces receiver group terms into the linear system. This segmentation allows the model to account for spatial variations in coupling conditions, improving amplitude balancing accuracy while maintaining computational efficiency through the structured group-based approach
Solution Approach 2:
The patent adds a grouping dimension to the amplitude balancing problem by organizing receivers into discrete groups. This dimensional extension allows the system to capture surface condition variations without requiring continuous spatial modeling, achieving improved accuracy with manageable computational complexity
Data Source
AI summary
Methods, systems, and computer-readable medium to perform operations including obtaining, for a plurality of traces, seismic signal amplitude data associated with a plurality of sources and receivers; determining that the signal amplitude data includes at least a receiver key and a source key; in response to the determining, generating a receiver group key and a source group key; assigning a respective weight to each of the receiver key, the source key, the receiver group key, and the source group key; and generating surface-consistent amplitude data using the constrained linear system of equations and each scaling factor of the weighted-receiver key, the weighted-source key, the weighted-receiver group key, and the weighted-source group key.