On-site Seismic Analysis System Primary Wave Prediction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current on-site instant earthquake analysis systems face challenges in achieving high accuracy and timely predictions due to limited computing time and conventional system design, which is insufficient for providing reliable front-alarm requirements during strong earthquakes.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that includes a signal preprocessing module and an embedded computing host to analyze primary wave seismic data, converting it into ground velocities and displacements, calculating seismic parameters, and predicting the peak ground acceleration of the shear wave, allowing for rapid prediction of earthquake magnitude and epicentral distance, thereby enabling faster and more accurate alarm systems.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If conventional system design is used for on-site instant earthquake analysis, then the system structure is simple, but the computing time is too long to provide timely predictions
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides earthquake analysis into two distinct modules: primary wave analysis (for instant prediction) and shear wave analysis (for detailed assessment). This segmentation allows the system to provide immediate predictions using only primary wave data, achieving fast response without requiring complex full-waveform analysis
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary analysis of primary waves to predict earthquake magnitude and epicentral distance before the shear wave arrives. This preliminary action enables early warning issuance within seconds, providing advance notice before the more damaging shear wave impacts the region
2Measurement precision
If only on-site measured data is used for analysis, then the system responds instantly, but the prediction accuracy is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses primary wave characteristics as an intermediary to infer shear wave parameters. By analyzing the primary wave's magnitude and epicentral distance, the system predicts the impending shear wave's peak ground acceleration, achieving accurate prediction without waiting for shear wave data
Solution Approach 2:
The system transforms the analysis approach by changing from direct shear wave measurement to indirect prediction through primary wave parameters. It calculates magnitude and epicentral distance from primary waves, then uses these transformed parameters to predict shear wave intensity, achieving both speed and accuracy
3Measurement precision
If pre-established dynamical structural models are used for building analysis, then detailed seismic responses can be obtained, but the computing time increases to tens of minutes or hours
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments building seismic analysis into two phases: immediate prediction using primary wave data for urgent evacuation decisions, and detailed structural response analysis using shear wave data for post-event assessment. This segmentation enables critical safety decisions to be made within seconds rather than hours
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary seismic response assessment based on predicted shear wave parameters before the actual shear wave arrives. This allows building occupants to take protective actions immediately, while detailed structural modeling can be performed afterward when time is not critical
4Area of stationary object
If the alarmable range is extended closer to the epicenter, then more regions can be warned, but the computing time for accurate prediction increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system extracts only the essential parameters (magnitude and epicentral distance) from primary wave data that are sufficient for prediction, discarding unnecessary detailed analysis. This extraction allows accurate prediction even for regions very close to the epicenter where the shear wave arrives almost immediately after the primary wave
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method instantly on-site analyze seismic acceleration signals measured from a primary wave of an earthquake and at a detecting site. The system includes an embedded computing host and a signal preprocessing module. Hardware preprocessing is executed on the seismic acceleration signals; and whether the earthquake is a seismic event is able to be determined according to a seism determining logic. Seismic acceleration signals are converted into ground velocities and ground displacements to obtain a peak ground displacement. A seismic fracture time parameter is calculated through the ground velocities and ground displacements and then a seismic magnitude of the earthquake is obtained. According to the peak ground displacement and the seismic magnitude, an epicentral distance is further calculated. Then a peak ground acceleration of the earthquake's shear wave at the detection site is able to be obtained through the seismic magnitude and the epicentral distance.