Multicomponent Seismic Data Conditioning and Digital Group Forming
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Multicomponent, towed-array, marine seismic surveys face challenges in pre-processing seismic data acquired from pressure and particle motion sensors, which are not adequately addressed by conventional techniques, leading to difficulties in distinguishing between upward and downward traveling wavefronts and processing noise.
Innovation Solution
A method involving data conditioning, digital group forming, and summation of pressure and vertical particle motion components, utilizing sensor orientation data to enhance signal processing and noise attenuation, is employed to improve the quality of seismic data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If conventional pressure wave detection is used in towed array marine seismic surveys, then the survey can be conducted with simpler equipment, but the ability to distinguish between upward and downward traveling wavefronts deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The seismic signal is segmented into multiple components: pressure wave data from hydrophones and particle motion data from geophones/accelerometers. Each component is processed separately through conditioning and digital group forming, then combined. This segmentation allows the system to handle complex multicomponent data while maintaining the ability to distinguish wavefront directions through the particle motion component.
2Measurement precision
If multicomponent sensors (pressure and particle motion) are deployed, then wavefront direction differentiation is improved, but pre-processing difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary conditioning to the multicomponent seismic data before final processing. This conditioning step prepares the pressure and particle motion data by adjusting for sensor characteristics and environmental factors, making the subsequent digital group forming and summation processes more effective. This preliminary action reduces the overall pre-processing complexity despite the multicomponent nature of the data.
Solution Approach 2:
Sensor orientation data serves as an intermediary element that links the pressure and particle motion measurements. By using this intermediary data to condition the multicomponent measurements, the system can properly align and combine the different sensor types, reducing the complexity of integrating multicomponent data while maintaining wavefront differentiation capability.
3Measurement precision
If digital group forming is applied to multicomponent data, then signal-to-noise ratio is improved, but computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The digital group forming process is applied separately to the pressure data and particle motion data components before combining the results. This segmentation allows the computational energy to be distributed across smaller, more manageable processing stages rather than handling all multicomponent data simultaneously, improving signal-to-noise ratio while managing computational requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes conditioning a set of multicomponent seismic data and sensor orientation data, the multicomponent seismic data including pressure data and particle motion data, acquired in a towed array, marine seismic survey; digital group forming the conditioned pressure data, a vertical particle motion component of the conditioned particle motion data, and the conditioned sensor orientation data; and summing the digitally group formed pressure data and the digitally group formed vertical particle motion component.