Seismic Data Deghosting via Variable Depth Tau-p Transform
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing seismic data processing methods are inadequate for handling data from streamers with variable depths, particularly in three-dimensional configurations, as they require a velocity field for deghosting and are inefficient in pre-processing steps like velocity picking or demultiple, especially when the velocity field is not available.
Innovation Solution
A method utilizing a modified tau-p transform and Radon algorithm to model and remove receiver ghosts from seismic data recorded in a time-space domain, allowing for deghosting and reghosting without requiring a velocity field, by transforming seismic data into a tau-p domain and applying phase shift equations to separate primary and ghost components, enabling the generation of a final subsurface image.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a velocity field is used for deghosting in existing seismic data processing methods, then deghosting can be performed, but the process becomes inefficient in pre-processing steps like velocity picking or demultiple when the velocity field is not available
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the fundamental parameter used for deghosting from velocity field (conventional approach) to depth variable (innovative approach). By changing the controlling parameter from velocity to depth, the method enables deghosting to be performed independently of velocity field availability, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability of deghosting and productivity in pre-processing steps.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional deghosting methods are used for streamers with variable depths, then processing can be performed, but the methods are inadequate for three-dimensional configurations and variable depth streamers
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces dynamic depth variables that can adapt to different streamer configurations. The depth variable zr(s) is defined as a function of arc length s, allowing the method to dynamically adjust to variable depth streamers and three-dimensional configurations, thus improving adaptability while maintaining ease of manufacture through the unified mathematical framework.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extends the deghosting method from traditional two-dimensional horizontal streamer configurations to three-dimensional variable depth configurations. By incorporating the depth dimension as a variable parameter zr(s) and using the arc length s along the streamer, the method successfully handles three-dimensional geometries that conventional two-dimensional methods cannot process.
3Reliability
If slanted streamers are used to achieve ghost suppression, then deghosting can be performed during stacking, but the streamers must be slanted at a constant angle which limits flexibility
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the static constant angle assumption with a dynamic depth variable zr(s) that can vary along the streamer length. This allows the streamer to have variable depth and changing angles while still achieving effective deghosting, thus maintaining ghost suppression reliability while significantly improving configuration flexibility compared to constant angle slanted streamers.
Data Source
AI summary
Computing device, computer instructions and method for deghosting seismic data related to a subsurface of a body of water. The method includes receiving seismic data recorded by seismic receivers that are towed by a vessel, wherein the seismic data is recorded in a time-space domain; modeling the seismic data in a shot or common midpoint domain as a function of operators to derive a model; using the derived model to remove the receiver ghost from the seismic data to obtain deghosted seismic data; and generating a final image of the subsurface based on the deghosted seismic data.