Seismic Data Filtering by Source Distance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Simultaneous source acquisition in seismic surveys often results in signal interferences and weak-coherence signals due to close shot intervals, leading to noise contamination and increased processing time and cost, especially when sources are separated by large distances.
Innovation Solution
A computing system analyzes seismic data to remove secondary and tertiary signals based on source distance, generating separate coherence cubes for each source to filter out blending noise and improve data coherence, thereby enhancing data processing efficiency and reducing the need for multiple vessels in marine surveys.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If simultaneous source acquisition is used to reduce survey time and cost, then productivity is improved, but signal interference and noise contamination increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the blended seismic data by separating signals from different sources based on their distinct temporal patterns and coherence characteristics. By dividing the composite signal into source-specific components, the method eliminates interference while maintaining the productivity benefits of simultaneous acquisition.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary processing step that uses coherence analysis and signal separation algorithms to mediate between the blended simultaneous source signals. This intermediary process filters out noise and separates overlapping signals, resolving the contradiction between efficiency and signal quality.
2Area of stationary object
If sources are separated by large distances to improve survey coverage, then area coverage is improved, but signal coherence decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from analyzing signals in the traditional time-offset domain to incorporating coherence domain analysis. By adding this additional dimensional perspective, the method can distinguish between incoherent noise from distant sources and coherent primary signals, maintaining signal quality even with wide source spacing.
3Loss of time
If close shot intervals are used in simultaneous acquisition to reduce survey time, then time efficiency is improved, but signal blending and noise increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful blending noise from simultaneous sources into useful information by analyzing the coherent patterns. The method recognizes that blended signals containing primary reflections can be separated and utilized, transforming what was previously considered waste or interference into valuable data that maintains time efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves the separation of seismic signals, reduces noise contamination, and decreases the time and cost of seismic surveys by allowing for more efficient data processing and potentially reducing the number of vessels required, while maintaining data quality even with widely separated sources.
Implementation Method 1
generating separate coherence cubes for each source to filter out blending noise and improve data coherence
Data Source
AI summary
Techniques for processing of seismic data. A seismic data set is received, wherein the seismic data set comprises a first data subset associated with a first seismic source and a second data subset associated with a second seismic source. An input is received indicating that a distance between the first seismic source and the second seismic source is greater than or equal to a threshold value. The second data set is filtered from the seismic data set to remove the second data subset from seismic data set to generate a filtered seismic data set in response to receiving the input and a coherence volume is generated based on the filtered seismic data set.