Internal Multiple Attenuation in Seismic Data Without Subsurface Knowledge
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for eliminating internal multiples in seismic exploration require a priori knowledge of subsurface information, limiting their effectiveness in determining undersea geology and hydrocarbon deposits, especially in areas like the Santos Basin where internal multiples are poorly discriminated from primaries.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that generate and process seismic data using a sliding set of three window data frames to iteratively create an internal multiple model, subtracting it from raw data to eliminate internal multiples without requiring subsurface information, while also suppressing surface-related multiples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If current methods for eliminating internal multiples are used, then internal multiples can be removed, but a priori knowledge of subsurface information is required
Solution Approach 1:
The method uses the seismic data itself to predict internal multiples without requiring external subsurface information. The predictive deconvolution technique extracts multiple information directly from the recorded seismic data, allowing the system to be self-sufficient and eliminate the need for a priori subsurface knowledge while maintaining effective multiple removal
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces predictive deconvolution as an intermediary technique that bridges the gap between raw seismic data and multiple elimination. This intermediary process predicts internal multiples from the seismic data itself, serving as a mediator that eliminates the need for direct subsurface information while still achieving effective multiple removal
2Manufacturing precision
If internal multiples are not removed, then processing is simpler, but accuracy of seismic imaging deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The method performs preliminary prediction of internal multiples before final imaging processing. By using predictive deconvolution to identify and remove internal multiples in advance, the technique prepares the seismic data for more accurate imaging without requiring complex post-processing steps
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs feedback mechanisms where the predicted internal multiples are continuously refined and adjusted based on the seismic data characteristics. This feedback loop ensures accurate multiple removal while maintaining processing efficiency and imaging precision
3Measurement precision
If surface related multiples are not suppressed, then processing is faster, but internal multiple prediction accuracy decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the multiple removal process into two distinct stages: first suppressing surface-related multiples, then predicting and removing internal multiples. This segmentation allows each stage to be optimized independently, achieving high prediction accuracy for internal multiples while managing processing time through efficient staged processing
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively predicts and removes internal multiples, improving the accuracy of seismic imaging by reducing noise and enhancing the clarity of subsurface structures without relying on prior knowledge of subsurface information.
Implementation Method 1
generating seismic waves (i.e., sound waves) directed toward the subsurface area
Implementation Method 2
gathering data on reflections of the generated seismic waves at interfaces between layers of the subsurface
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method are disclosed for substantially eliminating the influence of internal multiples when seismic mapping under-water geographical areas of interest without a priori knowledge of subsurface information. The system and method iteratively locate multiple-generating horizons for predicting internal multiples and uses a lower-higher-lower relationship between the multiple generating horizons. The system and method provide an appropriate and cost-effective means for internal multiple attenuation without subsurface information.