Seismic Sensor Response Correction Using Sensor-Specific Inverse Filters
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional seismic sensors used in land surveys are expensive due to stringent design and testing requirements, leading to high costs for seismic data acquisition, while less expensive alternatives may have less accurate and consistent performance.
Innovation Solution
A system and method for correcting seismic sensor responses using an inverse filter tailored to each sensor's unique transfer function, derived through testing with a predetermined wave shape, allowing for less expensive sensors to be used and compensating for performance variations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If expensive seismic sensors with stringent design and testing requirements are used, then measurement precision and reliability are improved, but cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the frequency response characteristics of sensors through digital filtering. Instead of requiring expensive sensors with inherently perfect frequency responses, the system measures each sensor's actual frequency response and applies corrective filters to adjust the parameters of the sensor output, transforming low-cost sensors with variable responses into sensors that meet accuracy specifications.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a digital model (copy) of each sensor's frequency response characteristics through measurement and characterization. This digital twin is then used to generate corrective filters that replicate the behavior of expensive reference sensors, allowing inexpensive sensors to be corrected to match the performance of premium sensors without physically modifying the sensors themselves.
2Ease of manufacture
If less expensive seismic sensors are used, then cost is reduced, but measurement precision and performance consistency deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements feedback by measuring each inexpensive sensor's actual frequency response and using that information to generate customized corrective filters. The system continuously monitors sensor performance characteristics and adjusts the digital filtering parameters accordingly, providing closed-loop correction that compensates for manufacturing variations and ensures consistent accuracy across all sensors regardless of their initial quality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary characterization of each sensor's frequency response before deployment, measuring and storing the transfer function in advance. This preliminary action allows the system to pre-compute corrective filters that will be applied during data processing, eliminating the need for expensive sensors while ensuring accuracy is achieved through pre-planned correction rather than inherent sensor quality.
3Measurement precision
If individual sensor correction is applied, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by having each sensor characterize its own performance characteristics through self-measurement during a calibration process. Each sensor generates its own transfer function data and receives its own customized correction filter, eliminating the need for complex manual calibration procedures or centralized adjustment mechanisms. The system automatically processes each sensor's unique characteristics and applies appropriate corrections without requiring complex intervention.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the overall cost of seismic data acquisition by enabling the use of less expensive sensors while maintaining data quality by individually correcting sensor-specific variations, thus reducing the overall cost and improving data consistency.
Implementation Method 1
test signal generators that produce an electrical signal and apply the signal to a seismic sensor, which causes an electromechanical response in the seismic sensor
Data Source
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AI summary
A system and method for acquiring and processing seismic data. A method for processing seismic data, includes receiving, by a seismic data processing system, signals representing seismic data recorded at a remote location; receiving, by the seismic data processing system, in conjunction with the signals, identification of a sensor via which the signals were acquired; retrieving, by the seismic data processing system, a sensor transfer function that corresponds to the sensor and relates the motion of the sensor to the signals; generating, by the seismic data processing system, based on the sensor transfer function and a reference transfer function, an inverse filter that when applied to the signals changes parameters of the signals to correspond to the reference transfer function; and applying, by the seismic data processing system, the inverse filter to the signals to conform the parameters of the signals to the reference transfer function.