Seismic Sensor Perturbation Correction via SPEC
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Solution Overview
Problem
Marine seismic surveys face errors due to perturbations such as sensor misalignment and sensitivity issues in multicomponent seismic data acquisition, which affect the accuracy of hydrocarbon deposit location analysis.
Innovation Solution
A computer-implemented method that accesses multicomponent marine calibration data to determine perturbations and corresponding calibration values, using paired pressure and particle motion sensors to mitigate noise in seismic survey data by estimating and correcting perturbations through signal-based Perturbation Estimation and Correction (SPEC) technique.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multicomponent surveys are used to detect wavefront direction and improve survey quality, then measurement precision is improved, but sensitivity to perturbations increases causing data errors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing alignment calibration before the actual seismic survey. The system uses alignment calibration data collected during a calibration survey to determine alignment calibration values, which are then used to correct the particle motion sensor data during the main survey. This preliminary calibration step eliminates alignment perturbations before they can affect the quality of the seismic data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a copy approach by collecting alignment calibration data that replicates the conditions of the actual survey. The system acquires particle motion sensor data during calibration using the same sensor array configuration, creating a reference dataset that mirrors the actual survey conditions. This copied calibration data is then processed to determine correction values that are applied to the actual survey data.
2Reliability
If sensor alignment calibration is performed to reduce perturbations, then data accuracy is improved, but survey time and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the calibration process with the actual survey operation. The system performs alignment calibration by processing particle motion sensor data that is acquired during the survey itself, rather than requiring a separate calibration survey. The alignment calibration values are determined by processing the survey data through a series of mathematical operations including spectral analysis, polarization vector calculation, and iterative optimization to eliminate alignment perturbations.
Solution Approach 2:
The system applies self-service by using its own survey data to perform the calibration. The particle motion sensor data acquired during the actual seismic survey is used to determine the alignment calibration values, which are then applied to correct the same dataset. The system calibrates itself without requiring external calibration equipment or separate calibration procedures.
Data Source
AI summary
A computer-implemented method includes accessing a set of multicomponent marine noise data exhibiting a plurality of polarization vectors at each of a plurality of co-located pressure and particle motion data points on a marine seismic survey apparatus; and determining a set of perturbation noise data for the marine seismic survey apparatus from the polarization vectors. Computer readable program storage media are encoded with instructions that, when executed by a processor, perform the computer-implemented method. A computing apparatus is programmed to perform the computer-implemented method.