Seismic Volume Combination Using Phase-Aligned Broadband Filtering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing seismic inversion techniques, such as migration and post-stack inversion, suffer from noise at low frequencies, rendering processed data unusable for reservoir characterization, while Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is costly at higher frequencies, limiting its effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
Combining FWI-derived velocities or reflectivity (FDR) with migrated images, applying spectral shaping and filtering to align phases and merge datasets, resulting in cleaner and broader band inversion products.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If migration and post-stack inversion techniques are used to process seismic data, then the data can be processed accurately between 5 Hz-100 Hz, but noise is generated at low frequencies below 5 Hz rendering the data unusable for reservoir characterization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) processed data with migration and post-stack inversion data to create a hybrid approach. FWI provides accurate low-frequency data (0 Hz-15 Hz) while migration/post-stack inversion provides accurate high-frequency data (5 Hz-100 Hz). By merging these two methods, the patent achieves broad band inversion products that are clean and accurate across the entire frequency spectrum, eliminating the noise problem at low frequencies while maintaining high-frequency accuracy.
2Measurement precision
If Full Waveform Inversion (FWI) is used to process seismic data, then accurate processing is achieved between 0 Hz-15 Hz, but the cost of generating processed data increases greatly at higher frequencies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the frequency spectrum into two parts: low frequencies (0 Hz-15 Hz) processed using FWI, and high frequencies (5 Hz-100 Hz) processed using migration and post-stack inversion. This segmentation allows the system to use the most efficient and cost-effective method for each frequency range, avoiding the high computational cost of applying FWI across the entire spectrum while maintaining accuracy where needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges FWI processed data with migration and post-stack inversion data to create a hybrid approach. FWI provides accurate low-frequency data while migration/post-stack inversion provides accurate high-frequency data. By merging these two methods, the patent achieves broad band inversion products that are clean and accurate across the entire frequency spectrum, eliminating the noise problem at low frequencies while maintaining high-frequency accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If colored inversion is applied to boost low frequency values in seismic data, then the impedance profile can be approximated, but noise at low frequencies renders the processed data unusable
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines FWI processed data with migration and post-stack inversion data to create a hybrid approach. FWI provides accurate low-frequency data (0 Hz-15 Hz) while migration/post-stack inversion provides accurate high-frequency data (5 Hz-100 Hz). By merging these two methods, the patent achieves broad band inversion products that are clean and accurate across the entire frequency spectrum, eliminating the noise problem at low frequencies while maintaining high-frequency accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A method includes receiving a first and a second volume generated based on seismic dataset, performing spectral shaping on the first and second volume to generate first and second shaped and phase aligned volumes, wherein phase alignment is with respect to the second volume, determining a frequency band in which to combine the first shaped and phase aligned volume with the second shaped and phase aligned volume, performing filtering on the first and second shaped and phase aligned volumes in the frequency band to generate first and second filtered, shaped and phase aligned volumes in the frequency band, and generating a combined seismic image based at least in part on the first and second filtered, shaped and phase aligned volumes in the frequency band, wherein the combined seismic image represents hydrocarbons in a subsurface region of Earth or subsurface drilling hazards.