Seismic Wavelet Extraction Using Velocity and Acceleration Signals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current seismic exploration methods rely on single signal processing for geological structure characterization, leading to inaccurate recognition of subsurface structures due to excessive dependence on phase correction factors and failure to consider both seismic velocity and acceleration signals effectively.
Innovation Solution
A method that acquires and normalizes both seismic velocity and acceleration signals, using wavelet phase requirements to extract constant-phase, minimum-phase, or mixed-phase wavelets by iteratively refining the extraction process until a preset threshold is met, thereby improving wavelet extraction accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If only one type of signal (velocity signal or acceleration signal) is used for wavelet extraction, then the processing complexity is reduced, but the wavelet extraction accuracy and geological structure characterization accuracy deteriorate due to excessive dependence on phase correction factors
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines both velocity signals and acceleration signals in the wavelet extraction process. By merging the information from both signal types, the method overcomes the limitations of using a single signal type and reduces dependence on phase correction factors, thereby improving wavelet extraction accuracy without excessive increase in processing complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the approach from relying on phase correction factors to using a combined signal processing method. By transforming the input parameters (using both velocity and acceleration signals instead of one), the method achieves more accurate wavelet extraction while maintaining reasonable processing complexity
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional single-signal processing is used, then the processing method is simple, but the geological structure characterization accuracy deteriorates due to inability to effectively consider characteristics of both velocity and acceleration signals
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges velocity and acceleration signal processing into a unified framework. This combination allows the method to effectively consider characteristics of both signal types, improving geological structure characterization accuracy while maintaining a relatively simple and systematic processing approach
3Ease of operation
If phase correction factors are heavily relied upon in wavelet extraction, then the extraction process is simplified, but the accuracy of geological structure characterization deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the fundamental approach by moving away from heavy reliance on phase correction factors. Instead, it uses a combined velocity and acceleration signal method that inherently provides more accurate wavelet extraction, improving geological structure characterization accuracy while maintaining operational simplicity through a systematic process
Data Source
AI summary
A geological structure characterization method based on a seismic velocity signal and a seismic acceleration signal is provided. The seismic acceleration signal and the seismic velocity signal are acquired and normalized. Constant-phase wavelet and minimum-phase wavelet extraction or mixed-phase wavelet extraction is performed. In the constant-phase wavelet and minimum-phase wavelet extraction, a first minimum-phase wavelet is extracted based on the seismic velocity signal, and a constant-phase wavelet is extracted based on the seismic acceleration signal, and converted to a second minimum-phase wavelet. A residual between the first minimum-phase wavelet and the second minimum-phase wavelet is calculated. If the residual is greater than a preset threshold, the constant-phase wavelet extraction is performed again, otherwise, the first minimum-phase wavelet and the constant-phase wavelet are output.