Seismic Wave-Vector Analysis for Local Frequency Feature Mapping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional seismic data interpretation methods, especially in 2-D and 3-D seismic techniques, face challenges in visualizing frequency-dependent features due to noise and distortion, leading to obscured subtle features and potential incorrect interpretations, which increases costs and requires additional investigations.
Innovation Solution
A signal processing method and system that transforms multi-dimensional seismic data into space-frequency or time-space-frequency domains to determine dominant wave-vectors, allowing for local pixel-to-pixel changes analysis, thereby enhancing visualization of frequency-dependent features through dip, frequency, and amplitude maps.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional 2-D or 3-D seismic visualization methods are used, then the data can be displayed and interpreted, but noise and artifacts obscure subtle features and reduce interpretation accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the frequency-dependent information from the seismic data by transforming it into the frequency domain. This separation allows the useful frequency-dependent features to be isolated from the noise and artifacts, enabling their independent analysis and visualization without the obscuring effects present in the time-domain data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from time-domain visualization to frequency-domain visualization, adding a frequency dimension to the analysis. This dimensional change reveals subtle features that are not visible in traditional time-domain displays, as the frequency representation highlights patterns and characteristics that differ from noise and artifacts.
2Measurement precision
If Fourier transform is used for spectral representation, then the frequency content can be analyzed, but the lack of positional resolution prevents local spectral analysis
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the seismic data into local windows or segments across the spatial domain. Each segment is then transformed individually to obtain its local frequency content. This segmentation allows the analysis to capture both the spectral characteristics and their spatial positions, overcoming the limitation of the global Fourier transform.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a spatial dimension to the frequency analysis by performing the transform locally at different positions. This creates a time-space-frequency representation that retains positional information while providing spectral content, effectively adding a dimension that combines both frequency and spatial location information.
3Reliability
If more seismic investigations are conducted to ensure accurate interpretation, then interpretation reliability can be improved, but costs and time increase substantially
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces frequency-dependent visualization as an intermediary analysis step between traditional seismic visualization and final interpretation. This intermediate frequency-domain representation serves as a mediator that enhances the visibility of subtle features, allowing interpreters to make more confident decisions with fewer additional investigations, thereby improving reliability without proportionally increasing costs.
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method and system for processing multi-dimensional signal data to determine frequency dependent features therefrom. The multi-dimensional signal data are transformed into space-frequency or time-space-frequency domain, providing second signal data. At predetermined locations of at least a portion of the one of space and time-space of the second signal data a dominant feature corresponding to a largest value of the second signal data is determined. This is followed by the determination of a wave-vector corresponding to the dominant feature at each of the predetermined locations. Finally, a dip map, a frequency map, and an amplitude map are generated using the wave-vectors. The method and system for processing multi-dimensional signal data to determine frequency dependent features therefrom according to the present invention provide a powerful tool for improved and more detailed evaluation of seismic data using dip, frequency, and amplitude maps, resulting in substantially more accurate geophysical surveys.