Multi-Channel Selector Valve Flow Paths for Low Backpressure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing multiple-channel selector valves face issues with high backpressure at high fluid flow rates, such as in preparative scale liquid chromatography, which can damage instruments and fittings.
Innovation Solution
The design of a multiple-channel selector valve with a rotatable rotor and stator configuration, featuring unique flow pathways and angled fluid flow paths, including a transfer and relief portion in the rotor face, reduces flow restriction and backpressure by increasing the fluid passageway volume.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a conventional multiple-channel selector valve is used, then the valve can selectively direct fluid among multiple flow paths, but high fluid flow rates (e.g., 200 ml/min) generate excessive backpressure that can damage instruments and fittings
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies curvature by flaring the transfer portion of the second fluid flow path at an angle of 10-75 degrees. This curved/angled transition replaces sharp corners with gradual transitions, reducing flow resistance and turbulence. The flared geometry allows fluid to change direction more smoothly, thereby reducing backpressure while maintaining high flow rates capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a relief portion that is annularly arranged about the rotational axis by at least 30 degrees, adding a dimensional element to the flow path. This creates additional flow volume and alternative flow routes, reducing flow restriction and backpressure in the primary flow direction
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the valve passages are made larger to reduce backpressure, then flow restriction decreases, but the valve size and complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by modifying only specific portions of the flow path (the transfer portion and relief portion) rather than redesigning the entire valve structure. The flaring angle of 10-75 degrees and the annular relief portion arranged by at least 30 degrees are localized modifications that reduce flow restriction only where needed, maintaining overall valve compactness while addressing backpressure issues
Data Source
AI summary
A multiple channel selector valve includes a stator and a rotor that is rotatable with respect to the stator. The rotor face includes first and second fluid flow paths for transferring fluids to selected sets of passages in the stator. The fluid flow paths in the rotor face are specifically configured to accommodate high fluid flow rate regimes while reducing flow restriction.