Selenium-Coated Copper Chloride Feed Additive
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current selenium supplements for animal feed, such as sodium selenate, are toxic, difficult to disperse uniformly, and costly, while organic selenium alternatives are expensive and have low selenium content, lacking a suitable composite element feed additive that combines the advantages of crystalline basic copper chloride with sodium selenite.
Innovation Solution
A method to produce selenium-covered basic copper chloride with nonhygroscopic properties, good liquidity, and stable chemical properties, using a process involving crystalline basic copper chloride, sodium hydroxide, and selenous acid, resulting in a product with crystalline basic copper chloride, basic cuprous selenide, and basic cupric sulfate, which is easy to incorporate into feed and has low cost and weak acidic solubility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If sodium selenate is used as selenium feed additive, then selenium content is high and cost is low, but it is highly toxic and difficult to disperse uniformly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses basic copper chloride as a carrier material to combine with selenium, creating a composite feed additive. The copper chloride serves as an intermediary that allows selenium to be delivered in a less toxic form while maintaining high selenium content. This resolves the contradiction by mediating between the high selenium content requirement and the toxicity reduction need.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material combining basic copper chloride with selenium compounds. This composite structure allows the product to maintain high selenium content while the copper chloride matrix reduces toxicity and improves dispersibility. The composite nature resolves the contradiction between high selenium content and low toxicity by integrating two materials with complementary properties.
2Ease of manufacture
If sodium selenate is used, then cost is low, but it is difficult to disperse uniformly in feed
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure of basic copper chloride combined with selenium provides a matrix that facilitates uniform dispersion in feed. The copper chloride carrier distributes selenium evenly throughout the feed matrix, resolving the contradiction between low cost and uniform dispersion by creating a material structure that inherently promotes even distribution.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If organic selenium such as selenium yeast is used, then toxicity is low and absorption is high, but price is several hundred times higher than sodium selenite
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs basic copper chloride as a disposable carrier material that is inexpensive and can be readily discarded after serving its function of delivering selenium. This allows the use of low-cost inorganic selenium compounds while achieving toxicity levels comparable to organic selenium, resolving the contradiction between low toxicity and low cost by using a cheap carrier system.
4Productivity
If mechanical mixing method is used to produce selenium premix, then no separate selenium dispersion is needed, but sodium selenate is difficult to mix and disperse uniformly due to its physical and chemical properties
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite material where selenium is bound to basic copper chloride, forming a unified structure that mixes uniformly without requiring separate dispersion steps. This composite structure resolves the contradiction between high production efficiency and uniform mixing by integrating the dispersion function into the material structure itself.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The selenium-covered basic copper chloride is non-toxic, easily absorbed, and cost-effective, providing stable selenium bioavailability without adverse environmental effects, improving animal health and feed efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
stirring and adding 0.01～0.1 by weight ratio of selenous acid into the second mixture for 10 to 100 minutes of reaction time, wherein selenium covered basic copper chloride comprising crystalline basic copper chloride, basic cuprous selenide, and basic cupric sulfate is obtained
Implementation Method 2
selenium covered basic copper chloride comprising crystalline basic copper chloride, basic cuprous selenide, and basic cupric sulfate
Data Source
AI summary
A preparation method for selenium covered basic copper chloride includes the steps of: (a) adding crystalline basic copper chloride (TBCC), water and stabilizer in a reactor; adding sodium hydroxide solution with stirring; reacting to form a hydroxyl-modified crystalline basic copper chloride after discharge, washing, and negative pressure leaching; (b) adding the hydroxyl-modified crystalline basic copper chloride and water in the reactor, adding selenous acid with stirring; adding copper sulfate pentahydrate after reaction; forming selenium covered basic copper chloride comprising crystalline basic copper chloride, basic cuprous selenide, and basic cupric sulfate after discharge, rinsing, negative pressure filtration, and drying. The selenium covered basic copper chloride is used as feed addictives of trace elements having nonhygroscopic property, good liquidity, and stable chemical property. The selenium covered basic copper chloride is easy to incorporate with feed, low price, low cost in adding, weak acidic solubility, easy to absorb.