Self-adaptive Piston Blood Pump with Pressure Feedback Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fluid pumps used in medical settings, such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, face challenges in maintaining a stable fluid flow rate to support specified blood pressure ranges, leading to potential air emboli due to inadequate input volume and excessive negative pressures.
Innovation Solution
A self-adjusting piston pump equipped with a pressure sensor and microprocessor that adjusts stroke volume and rate to match input and output flow rates, ensuring consistent fluid delivery and preventing excessive pressures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a conventional fluid pump is used to deliver fluids to a patient, then the pump can provide fluid flow, but the flow rate becomes unstable and excessive negative pressures develop when input volume is inadequate
Solution Approach 1:
The pump incorporates pressure sensors that continuously monitor inlet and outlet pressures, feeding this data back to a microprocessor controller. The controller adjusts pump operation in real-time based on pressure feedback, preventing excessive negative pressures and maintaining stable flow rates even when input volume varies
Solution Approach 2:
The pump transitions from fixed operational parameters to dynamically adjustable stroke volume and stroke rate. The microprocessor controller continuously modifies these parameters based on real-time pressure measurements, enabling the pump to adapt to changing input conditions and maintain reliable operation
2Productivity
If the pump stroke rate and stroke volume are increased to maintain output flow rate, then fluid delivery efficiency improves, but the system complexity increases due to need for adaptive control
Solution Approach 1:
The pump system performs self-adjustment of operational parameters based on its own sensor measurements. The microprocessor controller automatically modifies stroke rate and stroke volume in response to pressure feedback, eliminating the need for external manual control and reducing operational complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The microprocessor controller serves multiple functions: monitoring pressure, calculating flow rates, determining appropriate adjustments, and controlling pump actuation. This consolidation of multiple functions into a single control unit reduces overall system complexity while maintaining high productivity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The adaptive pump mechanism maintains a stable fluid flow rate, preventing air emboli and ensuring safe blood pressure support within specified ranges, enhancing the reliability of fluid delivery during medical procedures like cardioplegia.
Implementation Method 1
a piston pump containing at least one piston with a pressure sensor
Implementation Method 2
advancing the piston causes fluid to flow from the pump chamber to a biological destination
Implementation Method 3
retracting the piston causes fluid to passively fill the pump chamber
Data Source
AI summary
A self-adjusting fluid pump that includes a piston pump containing at least one piston with a pressure sensor. The fluid pump including at least one fluid-containing pump chamber within the piston pump, adjacent to said piston, wherein advancing the piston causes fluid flow from the pump chamber to a biological destination, and retracting the piston causes fluid to passively till the pump chamber. A microprocessor, senses piston pressure to calculate the rate of fluid input flow into the pump chamber for each pump cycle. If the output flow rate deviates from the input flow rate by a pre-specified value range, the microprocessor adjusts the piston pump to match the output flow rate with the input flow rate by increasing or decreasing stroke rate (piston velocity), stroke volume, or a combination of both.