Self-Aligned TSV Formation for Buried Interconnect Rail Contact

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Solution Overview

Problem

The increasing device density in integrated circuit chips poses challenges for the integration of power delivery networks in the back end of line, particularly due to wafer distortion and alignment issues with buried interconnect rails, limiting scalability to smaller dimensions.

Innovation Solution

The method involves forming Through Semiconductor Vias (TSVs) in a self-aligned manner during the front end of line process, allowing them to be connected to buried interconnect rails on the backside of the chip, enabling precise alignment and scaling down to smaller dimensions without losing positioning accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If TSVs are etched from the back side after wafer bonding, then the PDN can be formed on the backside of the IC, but wafer distortion and non-linear pattern deformation occur, causing misalignment between TSVs and buried interconnect rails

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebackside PDN formationVSAvoidalignment between TSVs and buried interconnect rails
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The TSVs are formed during the FEOL process before wafer bonding, ensuring their positions are predetermined and self-aligned to the buried interconnect rails. This preliminary formation of TSVs prevents alignment issues that would otherwise occur due to wafer distortion during bonding, as the TSV positions are locked in before the bonding-induced deformation occurs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Quantity of substance

If device density is increased, then more active devices can be placed on the chip, but the integration of power delivery network becomes more challenging due to scaling limitations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice densityVSAvoidscalability of PDN integration
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The power delivery network is moved from the traditional front-side implementation to the backside of the IC. This dimensional relocation allows the PDN to be integrated independently of the front-end device scaling, enabling the PDN to accommodate higher device densities without being constrained by the same scaling limitations that affect front-side interconnects.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Data Source

PatentEP3651188B1A method for contacting a buried interconnect rail from the back side of an IC
Publication Date: 2021.05.19 INTERUNIVERSITAIR MICRO ELECTRONICS CENT (IMEC VZW)
  • EP3651188B1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3651188B1 patent drawingFigure 1c~1d
  • EP3651188B1 patent drawingFigure 1e

AI summary

The invention is related to a method for producing an integrated circuit chip on a semiconductor device wafer, the IC comprising buried interconnect rails (15) in the front end of line and a power delivery network (PDN) on the back side of the chip. The PDN is connected to the front side by micro-sized Through Semiconductor Via (TSV) connections (16) through the thinned semiconductor wafer. Contrary to existing methods, the production of the TSVs is integrated in the process flow for fabricating the interconnect rails, with the TSVs being produced in a self-aligned manner relative to the interconnect rails. After bonding the device wafer to a landing wafer, the semiconductor layer onto which the active devices of the chip have been produced is thinned from the back side, and the TSVs are exposed. The self-aligned manner of producing the TSVs enables scaling down the process towards smaller dimensions without losing accurate positioning of the TSVs.