Self-Aligning Probe Connector for ESD Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

TDR measurement instruments are prone to electro-static discharge (ESD) damage due to their high sensitivity, particularly when connecting probes to devices-under-test, as they lack effective protection mechanisms against ESD, leading to user error and switch or relay failure in existing active switching systems.

Innovation Solution

A passive, in-line physical disconnect using a self-aligning connector set with a spring mechanism ensures that the signal path is disconnected when not in use and connects through an electro-static discharge resistor to ground before establishing the signal path, preventing ESD damage by discharging any charge on the device-under-test to ground before connecting to the instrument.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the TDR module input is made highly sensitive to accurately measure low amplitude reflected signals, then measurement precision is improved, but the instrument becomes prone to ESD damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidreliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

An electrostatic discharge resistor is introduced as an intermediary component between the probe tip and the TDR module input. This resistor provides a controlled path for ESD current to dissipate safely without damaging the sensitive measurement circuitry, while having minimal impact on normal measurement signals due to its high resistance value.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The connector is designed so that the ground conductor makes contact before the signal conductor when the probe is connected to the DUT. This preliminary grounding action ensures that any ESD charge is discharged to ground before the sensitive measurement circuitry becomes connected, protecting the instrument from damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If an active switching system is used to protect against ESD, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases and user error may occur

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovereliabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The passive protection system automatically provides ESD protection through its inherent design characteristics without requiring user intervention or active control. The ground-before-signal connector design and high-value discharge resistor work automatically to protect the instrument, eliminating the need for user-awareness of ESD risks or manual switching operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces active electronic switching mechanisms with a passive mechanical connector design. The physical structure of the connector ensures ground contact before signal contact through its geometric arrangement, eliminating the need for electronic switches, relays, or active control circuits while providing reliable ESD protection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of operation

If a passive in-line physical disconnect is used, then ease of operation is improved and user error is eliminated, but the signal path cannot be established until the probe is physically connected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of operationVSAvoidloss of time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The connector geometry is designed so that the ground conductor protrudes or aligns to make contact before the signal conductor when the probe is inserted. This preliminary grounding action occurs automatically as part of the connection process, ensuring ESD protection is established before the measurement signal path becomes active, without requiring separate user actions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution eliminates user error and switch/relay failure, providing reliable ESD protection by ensuring that any electro-static charge is safely discharged to ground before the signal path is established, thus preventing damage to the TDR instrument.

Implementation Method 1

A passive, in-line physical disconnect using a self-aligning connector set with a spring mechanism ensures that the signal path is disconnected when not in use

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring force: Spring

Implementation Method 2

preventing ESD damage by discharging any charge on the device-under-test to ground before connecting to the instrument

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectro-static discharge: Electrostatic Discharge

Implementation Method 3

discharge any potentially damaging electro-static charge that may be present at the DUT test point safely to ground through an electro-static discharge resistor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 4

the first connector, second connector, and adapter are structured so that their respective ground conductors become connected prior to their respective signal conductors becoming connected

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentEP3285076B1High frequency time domain reflectometry probing system
Publication Date: 2019.10.09 TEKTRONIX INC
  • EP3285076B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2A
  • EP3285076B1 patent drawingFigure 2B
  • EP3285076B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A probe includes a self-aligning connector set, a moveable probe tip, a cable, a housing, and a spring. When the probe tip is pressed to a test point on a device-under-test, the probe tip moves within the housing to cause a first connector and a second connector of the self-aligning connector set to be connected through an adapter of the self-aligning connector set, thereby establishing a signal path through the probe. The first connector, second connector, and adapter are structured so that their respective ground conductors become connected prior to their respective signal conductors becoming connected. Electro-static charge present at the test point is safely discharged through a resistor to ground before the signal path through the probe is established, thereby preventing damage to the probe and connected host instrument. When the probe tip is removed from the device-under-test, the spring forces a disconnection of the first and second connectors.