Self-Driven Active Clamp Circuit for Flyback Converter ZVS

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing flyback converters with active clamp circuits face increased complexity and high conduction and switching losses due to additional driving circuits, which adversely affect conversion efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A self-driven active clamp circuit that autonomously turns on and off the clamp switch using a MOSFET with parasitic capacitance, diode, and resistor, absorbing current spikes and providing an ideal driving voltage without additional driving circuits, achieving zero voltage switching (ZVS) and reduced on-state resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If an individual driving circuit is added to control the clamp switch, then the clamp switch can be turned on and off, but the circuit configuration becomes much more complicated and detrimental to the reduction in the converter's volume

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclamp switch controlVSAvoidcircuit configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The clamp switch utilizes its own parasitic capacitance between gate and source as the driving capacitor, eliminating the need for external driving circuits. The circuit self-regulates by using inherent device properties, thereby simplifying the overall configuration while maintaining operational control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The parasitic capacitance of the clamp switch serves multiple functions: it acts as both the switching element and the driving capacitor. This multi-functionality reduces the number of components needed and simplifies the circuit architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Ease of operation

If an individual driving circuit is added to control the clamp switch, then the clamp switch can be turned on and off, but the whole circuit configuration will become much more complicated and detrimental to the reduction in the converter's volume

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclamp switch controlVSAvoidconverter volume
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The clamp switch utilizes its own parasitic capacitance between gate and source as the driving capacitor, eliminating the need for external driving circuits. The circuit self-regulates by using inherent device properties, thereby simplifying the overall configuration while maintaining operational control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The parasitic capacitance of the clamp switch serves multiple functions: it acts as both the switching element and the driving capacitor. This multi-functionality reduces the number of components needed and simplifies the circuit architecture.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Ease of operation

If the clamp switch is controlled with additional driving circuits, then the clamp switch can be properly driven, but the conduction loss and the switching loss of the clamp switch will be too high to have adverse effect on the whole conversion efficiency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveclamp switch drivingVSAvoidconduction loss and switching loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The clamp switch utilizes its own parasitic capacitance between gate and source as the driving capacitor, eliminating the need for external driving circuits. The circuit self-regulates by using inherent device properties, thereby simplifying the overall configuration while maintaining operational control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the operating parameters by utilizing the inherent parasitic capacitance values and voltage characteristics of the clamp switch itself, rather than imposing external driving parameters. This results in optimized conduction and switching losses.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The self-driven active clamp circuit reduces conduction and switching losses, simplifies the circuit configuration, and enhances conversion efficiency by eliminating the need for additional driving circuits and achieving ZVS.

Implementation Method 1

The clamp switch is a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) comprising a parasitic capacitance between the control terminal and a source of the clamp switch

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectParasitic capacitance: Parasitic Capacitance

Implementation Method 2

An anode of the diode is connected to a control terminal of the clamp switch, and a cathode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the primary-side winding of the transformer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiode rectification: Diode

Implementation Method 3

A terminal of the resistor is connected to a control terminal of the clamp switch. Another terminal of the resistor is connected to the second terminal of the primary-side winding of the transformer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOhmic resistance: Electrical Resistance

Data Source

PatentEP4243262B1Self-driven active clamp circuit connected to a flyback converter
Publication Date: 2026.01.28 MINMAXTECH
  • EP4243262B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4243262B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2H
  • EP4243262B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A self-driven active clamp circuit (10) applied to a flyback converter having a transformer (20) and a switch (Q1) has a clamp switch (Q2) and a resistor (R). The clamp switch (Q2) is connected between a first capacitor (C1) and a second capacitor (C2) in series. Another terminal of the first capacitor (C1) is connected to a first terminal of a primary-side winding (21) of the transformer (20). Another terminal of the second capacitor (C2) is connected to a second terminal of the primary-side winding (21) of the transformer (20) and the switch (Q1). A terminal of the resistor (R) is connected to a control terminal of the clamp switch (Q2). Another terminal of the resistor (R) is connected to the second terminal of the primary-side winding (21) of the transformer (20) and the switch (Q1).