Self-Heating Biosensor Using Lossy Mode Resonance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biosensors, particularly those based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), face challenges in miniaturization, high cost, and temperature control, which hinder their effectiveness in detecting biomolecules like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) due to expensive materials, ease of oxidation, and large volume designs.
Innovation Solution
A self-heating biosensor utilizing a lossy mode resonance (LMR) principle with a waveguide unit, a lossy mode resonance layer, and heating electrodes on a glass substrate, allowing for surface modification and bioprobe formation, enabling miniaturization and cost-effectiveness while maintaining sensitivity through both TE and TM wave resonance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology is used with high refractive index prism and metal layer, then sensitivity is improved, but device volume and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the traditional mechanical/optical SPR system (requiring prisms, metal layers, and precision mechanical equipment) with a photonic crystal-based LMR system. The photonic crystal structure substitutes for the mechanical prism and metal layer configuration, enabling resonance detection without expensive optical equipment and precision mechanical systems, thus achieving miniaturization while maintaining sensitivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material structures including photonic crystals combined with specific resin materials (epoxy resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, or polyvinylidene fluoride resin) to create the waveguide and resonance layers. This composite approach enables the device to achieve high sensitivity through photonic crystal properties while the resin materials provide structural stability and enable miniaturization
2Measurement precision
If precious metal materials such as gold or silver are used for surface plasma resonance, then resonance effect is improved, but cost and oxidation resistance worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces expensive precious metals (gold, silver) with cost-effective photonic crystal structures made from semiconductor materials and resin composites. These alternative materials achieve the desired resonance effect without the high cost and oxidation susceptibility of precious metals, making the device more economical and easier to manufacture
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials consisting of photonic crystals combined with specific resin materials (epoxy resin, polyacrylonitrile resin, or polyvinylidene fluoride resin) to replace precious metals. This composite structure maintains the resonance effect while eliminating the need for expensive and oxidation-prone metal materials
3Reliability
If stable temperature control is implemented in outdoor environments, then biological reaction stability is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-heating functionality where the photonic crystal biosensor generates its own heat through the LMR effect or integrated heating elements, eliminating the need for external temperature control systems. This self-service approach maintains biological reaction stability without adding complex temperature control equipment, reducing device complexity and cost
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The self-heating biosensor achieves low-cost, miniaturized, and easy-to-operate detection of biomolecules like HbA1c, with improved sensitivity and temperature control, overcoming the limitations of SPR technology by using indium tin oxide (ITO) as the lossy mode resonance layer and boride functional groups for bioprobes.
Implementation Method 1
a lossy mode resonance layer (20). The lossy mode resonance layer (20) is disposed on one of the planes of the waveguide unit (10)
Implementation Method 2
two heating electrodes (21) are formed at two positions of the lossy mode resonance layer (20)
Data Source
AI summary
A self-heating biosensor based on lossy mode resonance (LMR) includes a waveguide unit and a lossy mode resonance layer. The waveguide unit is a flat plate, including two planes and at least two sets of opposite sides. One set of the opposite sides of the waveguide unit has a light input end and a light output end. The lossy mode resonance layer is disposed on one of the planes of the waveguide unit. Two heating electrodes are formed at two positions of the lossy mode resonance layer, and the two positions are relevant to one set of the opposite sides of the waveguide unit. A biomaterial sensing region having bioprobes are formed between the two heating electrodes. The present disclosure further includes a using method relevant to the self-heating biosensor based on lossy mode resonance.