Self-Moiré Grating Layout for Precise Device-Pitch Metrology

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing metrology techniques struggle to accurately measure device-like pitches due to their unresolved nature, limiting the precision of measurements in semiconductor manufacturing.

Innovation Solution

A grating design comprising periodic sub-structures with device-like pitches that generate a measurable Moiré pitch through evanescent modes, allowing for accurate metrology measurements by optical tools.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional self-moiré gratings are used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to sensitivity to misalignment and non-linearity errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidgrating structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The grating structure is segmented into multiple zones with different pitch values. Each zone has a specific pitch designed to compensate for errors in that region, dividing the overall measurement function into manageable segments that collectively improve precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Different regions of the grating are assigned different local properties (pitch values) based on their specific measurement requirements. The pitch varies locally across the grating surface to optimize measurement accuracy for each region while accounting for systematic errors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

2Measurement precision

If conventional gratings with uniform pitch are used, then manufacturing precision is simplified, but measurement precision deteriorates due to non-linearity errors

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidgrating pitch uniformity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The pitch parameter is deliberately changed across different zones of the grating rather than maintaining uniformity. This parameter variation compensates for non-linearity errors and improves measurement precision, accepting that the pitch will not be uniform across the entire grating surface

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If conventional self-moiré gratings are used, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to sensitivity to misalignment

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidgrating alignment ease
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The grating is pre-configured with multiple zones of different pitches during manufacturing, so that when misalignment occurs, at least one zone will provide accurate measurements. This preliminary structuring compensates for alignment issues without requiring precise adjustment during operation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The grating design enables precise measurement of misregistration between semiconductor layers by resolving device-like pitches, enhancing measurement accuracy and relevance to real devices.

Implementation Method 1

Improved self-moiré grating design for use in metrology

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMoiré effect: Moiré Effect

Implementation Method 2

When the grating is illuminated, a moiré pattern is produced

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical interference: Interference

Data Source

PatentEP3938837B1Improved self-moirÉ grating design for use in metrology
Publication Date: 2026.05.06 KLA CORP
  • EP3938837B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3938837B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3938837B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A grating for use in metrology including a periodic structure including a plurality of units having a pitch P, at least one unit of the plurality of units including at least a first periodic sub-structure having a first sub-pitch P1 smaller than the pitch P, and at least a second periodic sub-structure arranged along-side and separated from the first periodic sub-structure within the at least one unit and having a second sub-pitch P2 smaller than the pitch P and different from the first sub-pitch P1, P1 and P2 being selected to yield at least one Moir pitch Pm = P1•P2/(P2 - P1), the pitch P being an integer multiple of the first sub-pitch P1 and of the second sub-pitch P2.