Semi-polar Modulator Bandwidth Reduction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Polar transmitters face challenges in wider band radio systems like LTE due to higher bandwidth requirements for phase and amplitude modulation signals, difficulty in generating wide linear tuning ranges, and stringent timing alignment needs, which affect Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) performance.

Innovation Solution

A modulation processor with a first processing stage that generates a phase signal and reduces the bandwidth of a frequency signal, and a second processing stage that retards the phase of the modulation signal by an integral of the first output signal, producing output signals suitable for polar architecture, enabling reduced bandwidth and improved noise performance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If polar modulation is used in LTE, then power efficiency is improved, but bandwidth requirements for phase and amplitude signals become excessively high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower efficiencyVSAvoidbandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The modulation signal is segmented into in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) components, which are processed separately through individual DACs and filtering paths. This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently, reducing the overall bandwidth requirements compared to direct polar modulation while maintaining power efficiency benefits.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent transitions from direct polar coordinates (amplitude and phase) to a two-dimensional Cartesian representation (I and Q components). This dimensional transformation allows the signal to be processed in a way that reduces bandwidth requirements while achieving similar power efficiency through digital signal processing optimization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Reliability

If bandwidth of phase and amplitude signals is reduced, then ACLR and EVM performance is improved, but the composite signal bandwidth becomes larger than the modulating signals

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveACLR and EVM performanceVSAvoidcomposite signal bandwidth
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs dynamic filtering where the cutoff frequencies of the low-pass filters for I and Q components are optimized based on the specific LTE signal characteristics and bandwidth requirements. This dynamic adjustment allows the system to achieve optimal ACLR and EVM performance while minimizing the composite signal bandwidth expansion effect.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes key parameters including the filtering characteristics, DAC resolution, and sampling rates to optimize the balance between modulating signal bandwidth and composite signal bandwidth. By carefully selecting these parameters, the system achieves improved ACLR and EVM without excessive bandwidth expansion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Adaptability or versatility

If high modulation bandwidth is used in LTE, then frequency division duplex performance is improved, but timing alignment requirements become extremely stringent

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency division duplex performanceVSAvoidtiming alignment
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces mechanical/physical timing alignment mechanisms with digital signal processing techniques. Through digital filtering and synchronization algorithms applied to the I and Q components, the system achieves the required timing alignment precision without relying on physical synchronization hardware, thereby reducing the stringency of timing requirements while maintaining FDD performance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Speed

If wide linear tuning range is generated for phase locked loop, then frequency deviation capability is improved, but available tuning range for multiple bands is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefrequency deviationVSAvoidtuning range for multiple bands
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent designs the phase-locked loop and frequency synthesis system to serve multiple functions: it provides the required wide frequency deviation for modulation while simultaneously supporting tuning across multiple frequency bands. This is achieved through a unified frequency synthesis architecture that can operate in both modes, eliminating the trade-off between deviation capability and multi-band support.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP2800327B1Semi-polar modulator
Publication Date: 2017.01.04 TELEFONAKTIEBOLAGET LM ERICSSON (PUBL)
  • EP2800327B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2800327B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2800327B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A modulation processor (500) comprises a first processing stage (110) and a second processing stage (120). The first processing stage (110) comprises a phase generation stage (117) arranged to generate a phase signal (PM) indicative of a phase of a modulation signal (S), a differentiation stage (118) arranged to generate a frequency signal (FM) by differentiating the phase signal (PM), and a first bandwidth reduction stage (113) arranged to generate a first output signal (FM_LP) by reducing a bandwidth of the frequency signal (FM). The second processing stage (120) is arranged to generate a second output signal (AM*) proportional to the modulation signal (S) with its phase retarded by an angle equal to an integral of the first output signal (FM_LP).