Semi-Trusted Hardware Multi-Party Privacy Computing

The patent introduces a semi-trusted hardware device as an intermediary to perform secure multi-party computation. This hardware acts as a mediator that receives encrypted inputs from multiple parties, performs the computation internally, and returns results without revealing intermediate values. By using this intermediary hardware with dedicated secure computation capabilities, the system achieves both strong privacy protection and efficient computation, resolving the contradiction between security and time consumption.

The semi-trusted hardware serves as a central intermediary that consolidates multiple communication rounds into a single interaction phase. Instead of parties exchanging encrypted messages through multiple rounds of cryptographic protocols, they all send their encrypted inputs to the hardware in one round, and receive results in another round. This intermediary approach dramatically reduces communication complexity while maintaining security guarantees.

The patent changes the trust parameter model by introducing hardware-based cryptographic primitives with mathematically proven security properties. Instead of relying on software-based trust assumptions, the system uses hardware-embedded cryptographic functions that provide security based on mathematical hardness assumptions. This parameter change from software trust to hardware-enforced cryptographic security maintains both efficiency and security.

The semi-trusted hardware acts as a communication intermediary that consolidates data exchange. Multiple parties send their encrypted inputs to the hardware rather than exchanging messages pairwise, and receive results from the hardware rather than computing locally. This intermediary model reduces total communication volume from O(n²) pairwise exchanges to O(n) centralized exchanges, maintaining privacy while reducing communication overhead.