Semiconductor Layer Inspection Using Multi-Frequency OBIRCH Phase Correction

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional methods struggle to analyze the electrical characteristics of semiconductor devices with stacked semiconductor chips, particularly in a non-destructive manner.

Innovation Solution

A semiconductor device inspection method involving power supply, light scanning with modulated frequencies, and phase correction to estimate electrical characteristics at each layer of the stacked structure.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If conventional OBIRCH method is used to scan semiconductor device with laser, then failure analysis can be realized in non-destructive manner, but it cannot analyze electrical characteristics corresponding to stacked structure of multiple semiconductor chips

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical characteristics analysis precisionVSAvoidstacked structure information
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the electrical characteristics measurement into multiple frequency components. By applying light intensity-modulated at different frequencies (first frequency and second frequency higher than the first frequency) and separating the characteristic signals by frequency, the system can distinguish and analyze electrical characteristics from different stacked semiconductor chip layers independently, thus resolving the inability to analyze stacked structure characteristics

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses periodic light intensity modulation at different frequencies to stimulate different layers of the stacked semiconductor device. The characteristic signals are acquired at these specific frequencies, and phase difference calculations are performed based on periodic signal analysis, enabling depth-resolved electrical characteristic measurement through the stacked structure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Measurement precision

If light intensity-modulated at single frequency is used for scanning, then measurement process is simple, but cannot distinguish electrical characteristics from different positions in optical axis direction

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedepth resolution of electrical characteristicsVSAvoidlight modulation system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs dynamic light intensity modulation with multiple frequencies instead of static single-frequency modulation. The system dynamically switches between first frequency and second frequency (higher than the first) to modulate light intensity, enabling the differentiation of electrical characteristics from different optical axis positions through frequency-domain separation of the resulting characteristic signals

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate analysis of electrical characteristics corresponding to the stacked structure of semiconductor devices, allowing for easy identification of failure locations.

Implementation Method 1

a light source that emits laser light; a signal source that generates a signal for intensity modulation of the laser light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight intensity modulation:

Implementation Method 2

Lock-in Optical Beam Induced Resistance Change (OBIRCH) has been known as a method for analyzing the electrical characteristics of a semiconductor device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical beam induced resistance change (OBIRCH):

Implementation Method 3

a lock-in amplifier that performs lock-in detection on a characteristic signal indicating changes in the electrical characteristics at a plurality of frequencies

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLock-in detection:

Data Source

PatentEP4148438B1Semiconductor device inspection method and semiconductor device inspection apparatus
Publication Date: 2026.03.04 HAMAMATSU PHOTONICS KK
  • EP4148438B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4148438B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4148438B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A semiconductor inspection device 1 includes: a measuring device 7 that supplies power to a semiconductor device S and measures the electrical characteristics of the semiconductor device S according to the supply of the power; an optical scanning device 13 that scans the semiconductor device S with light intensity-modulated with a plurality of frequencies; a lock-in amplifier 15 that acquires a characteristic signal indicating the electrical characteristics of the plurality of frequency components according to the scanning of the light; and an inspection device 19 that processes the characteristic signal. The inspection device 19 calculates a frequency at which the characteristic signal at a scanning position reflecting the electrical characteristics of a first layer L1 in the semiconductor device S and the characteristic signal at a scanning position reflecting the electrical characteristics of a second layer L2 have a predetermined phase difference, corrects a phase component of the characteristic signal at an arbitrary scanning position with a phase component of the characteristic signal at the scanning position reflecting the electrical characteristics of the first layer L1 as a reference, and outputs an in-phase component and a quadrature component of the characteristic signal at the arbitrary scanning position at the calculated frequency.