Semiconductor Packaging With Phase-Change Material Thermal Management

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Solution Overview

Problem

Semiconductor devices in power electronic modules, such as IGBTs and SiC transistors, face thermal constraints that limit performance, particularly in vehicle applications with high thermal dissipation needs, requiring effective thermal management to maintain compactness and compatibility with engine coolant cooling systems.

Innovation Solution

The integration of phase-change material within the terminal assemblies of semiconductor devices, which evaporates and condenses to absorb and dissipate thermal energy, combined with advanced packaging and heat sinks, enhances thermal performance and reliability under demanding conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If conventional packaging is used for semiconductor devices, then device compactness is achieved, but thermal dissipation capability is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal dissipation capabilityVSAvoiddevice compactness
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSVolume of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent incorporates phase-change material (PCM) within the terminal assemblies that undergo phase transitions (solid-liquid) to absorb and dissipate thermal energy. The PCM is contained in pockets formed in the terminal assemblies, allowing it to change phase in response to thermal loads from the semiconductor chip, thereby enhancing thermal management without significantly increasing device volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

2Temperature

If high thermal dissipation is implemented through conventional cooling systems, then thermal performance improves, but device complexity and size increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal performanceVSAvoidcooling system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the thermal management function with the existing terminal assemblies by incorporating PCM pockets directly into the terminal structure. This integration eliminates the need for separate cooling components, maintaining device compactness while enhancing thermal dissipation capability through the phase-change material's inherent thermal regulation properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Temperature

If phase-change material is integrated into terminal assemblies, then thermal energy management is enhanced, but manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvethermal energy managementVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The terminal assemblies are segmented to include discrete pockets that contain the phase-change material. This segmentation allows the PCM to be introduced as a separate component during assembly, simplifying the manufacturing process compared to attempting to integrate thermal management functions into the semiconductor chip fabrication itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively manages thermal energy, maintaining a stable transistor junction temperature and extending the longevity of semiconductor devices in high-load applications, even under extreme vibrations and temperature cycles, while supporting rapid heat removal and reduced energy loss during switching events.

Implementation Method 1

which evaporates and condenses to absorb and dissipate thermal energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 2

which evaporates and condenses to absorb and dissipate thermal energy

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 3

Packaging of a semiconductor device with phase-change material for thermal performance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Implementation Method 4

combined with advanced packaging and heat sinks, enhances thermal performance

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 5

compatible with cooling via the circulation of engine coolant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3644355B1Packaging of a semiconductor device with phase-change material for thermal performance
Publication Date: 2021.09.15 DEERE & CO
  • EP3644355B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP3644355B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP3644355B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A semiconductor device comprises a generally planar semiconductor chip. The semiconductor chip comprises a first side and second side opposite the first side. The first side is associated with a source conductive pad. The second side is associated with a drain conductive pad. A gate pad overlies a portion of the first side. A source terminal comprises a metallic strip assembly with a series of pocket chambers spaced apart from each other and partially filled with a phase-change material filling. A drain terminal is spaced apart from the source terminal by a dielectric layer. The source terminal is bonded to the source conductive pad via a bonding interface material.