Semiconductor Wafer Storage in Hydrogen-Pressurized Hermetic Enclosures

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for transporting and storing semiconductor wafers in hermetic enclosures face challenges with maintaining a pure neutral gas environment, leading to oxidation and contamination due to pressure changes and degassing issues, which require costly and complex ultra-high vacuum technologies.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a hermetic enclosure filled with hydrogen at a pressure between 10^-1 and 4*10^3 Pa, optionally with inert gases like argon, nitrogen, or helium, to create a controlled atmosphere that limits oxidation and contamination while being easier and less expensive to implement than ultra-high vacuum systems.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If a hermetic enclosure is filled with neutral gas at ambient pressure to prevent oxidation, then the wafer is protected from oxidation, but the gas purity cannot be 100% guaranteed and pressure changes cause adsorption/desorption contamination

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation protectionVSAvoidgas purity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies inert atmosphere principle by filling the hermetic enclosure with hydrogen gas (an inert/protective atmosphere) at reduced pressure. This creates a protective environment that prevents oxidation of the wafer surface while the reduced pressure minimizes gas-related contamination issues. The hydrogen atmosphere serves both to protect from oxidation and to reduce adsorption/desorption effects compared to ambient pressure neutral gases.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the pressure parameter from ambient pressure to reduced pressure (vacuum range). This parameter change addresses the gas purity reliability issue by reducing the total number of gas molecules present, thereby minimizing potential contamination from adsorption/desorption processes while maintaining the protective atmosphere function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Object-affected harmful factors

If vacuum is established inside the container to avoid gas purity issues, then oxidation is prevented, but outgassing from polymer walls and seals releases carbon compounds and requires expensive ultra-high vacuum technologies

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoxidation preventionVSAvoidoutgassing contamination
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces hydrogen gas into the enclosure to create an inert/protective atmosphere. This active protective gas environment prevents oxidation more effectively than simple vacuum, while the specific choice of hydrogen at controlled pressure helps manage outgassing issues by providing a chemically active atmosphere that can handle carbon compounds from polymer outgassing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the pressure parameter within a specific range (10^-1 to 4×10^3 Pa) rather than using extreme ultra-high vacuum. This moderate vacuum level reduces outgassing compared to atmospheric pressure while avoiding the extreme conditions that would require expensive metal seals and ultra-high vacuum equipment. The controlled pressure range balances protection needs with material compatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If ultra-high vacuum is maintained to prevent contamination, then wafer surface quality is preserved, but expensive metal boxes and seals are required and pumping must be maintained continuously

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewafer surface qualityVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the pressure parameter from ultra-high vacuum (10^-9 mbar) to a moderate vacuum range (10^-1 to 4×10^3 Pa). This parameter relaxation maintains adequate wafer surface quality protection while dramatically reducing equipment complexity, allowing the use of polymer seals and simpler pumping systems rather than expensive ultra-high vacuum infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a protective hydrogen atmosphere to compensate for the reduced vacuum level. This inert environment actively protects the wafer surface quality that would otherwise be compromised by the higher pressure, allowing the system to achieve good surface quality with less complex equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

4Object-affected harmful factors

If hydrogen is used to create a controlled atmosphere, then oxidation and carbonaceous contamination are reduced, but the system requires pressure control between 10^-1 and 4×10^3 Pa

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesurface contaminationVSAvoidpressure control requirement
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses hydrogen gas to create a protective inert atmosphere that actively reduces surface contamination. Hydrogen's chemical properties provide superior protection against oxidation and carbonaceous contamination compared to neutral gases, justifying the pressure control requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #39Inert atmosphere (Inert environment)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes the pressure parameter within a specific range that balances contamination protection with practical equipment requirements. This pressure range (10^-1 to 4×10^3 Pa) is higher than ultra-high vacuum, allowing simpler equipment, but low enough to maintain effective contamination protection when combined with the hydrogen atmosphere.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach effectively reduces surface contamination of semiconductor wafers by maintaining a stable, non-reactive environment that minimizes oxidation and carbonaceous contamination, making it suitable for transporting and storing wafers with reduced pressure constraints and cost-effective equipment.

Implementation Method 1

This approach effectively reduces surface contamination of semiconductor wafers by maintaining a stable, non-reactive environment that minimizes oxidation and carbonaceous contamination

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation prevention: Oxidation

Data Source

PatentEP3510634B1Method for the transportation and storage of a semiconductor plate in a hermetic container
Publication Date: 2023.03.22 CENT NAT DE LA RECH SCI (C N R S)
  • EP3510634B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for the transportation and/or storage of at least one semiconductor plate, in which the plate is disposed in a hermetic container (1) filled with hydrogen at a pressure of between 10-1 and 4*103 Pa and, optionally, at least one inert gas, the total pressure in the casing being between 10-1 and 5*104 Pa.