Sense Amplifier Regeneration Stage Without Switch IR Drop

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Solution Overview

Problem

Sense amplifiers in high-speed serializer/deserializer applications face reduced regenerative gain and sensitivity due to the IR voltage drop across the third regeneration-stage switch, which slows down bit decision rendering and reduces sensitivity.

Innovation Solution

A regeneration stage with clock-driven inverters dynamically controls the cross-coupling of inverters, eliminating the need for the third regeneration-stage switch, allowing direct coupling to the supply rail, thereby increasing regenerative gain and sensitivity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If a third regeneration-stage switch is used to control the supply voltage to the cross-coupled inverters, then the sense amplifier can operate in different phases (sensing, decision, reset), but the IR voltage drop across the switch reduces regenerative gain and slows down bit decision rendering

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephase operation capabilityVSAvoidbit decision rendering speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the third regeneration-stage switch from the signal path by using clock-driven inverters to dynamically control the cross-coupling connections. This extraction eliminates the IR voltage drop that occurred across the switch, maintaining full supply voltage across the cross-coupled inverters during the decision phase while preserving phase operation capability through the clock-driven control mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs clock-driven inverters that dynamically switch the cross-coupling connections between the differential pairs and the cross-coupled inverters based on the clock signal phase. During the decision phase, the cross-coupling is enabled to provide strong regenerative feedback, while during sensing and reset phases, the cross-coupling is disabled. This dynamic control eliminates the need for a third switch in the supply path, maintaining maximum supply voltage and improving bit decision speed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Reliability

If the cross-coupled inverters are continuously connected to the supply rail, then regenerative gain is maximized, but the circuit cannot perform sensing and reset operations

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveregenerative gainVSAvoidphase operation capability
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses clock-driven inverters to dynamically control the cross-coupling connections. During the decision phase, the cross-coupling is activated to maximize regenerative gain, while during sensing and reset phases, the cross-coupling is deactivated. This dynamic switching allows the circuit to achieve maximum regenerative gain when needed while maintaining the ability to perform all required operations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs periodic clock signals to control the activation and deactivation of the cross-coupling connections in a phased manner. The clock-driven inverters switch the cross-coupling state periodically, enabling strong regenerative feedback during the decision phase while allowing sensing and reset operations during other phases. This periodic action ensures that high regenerative gain is achieved only when required for bit decision rendering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

3Loss of energy

If the supply voltage to cross-coupled inverters is reduced due to IR drop, then power consumption is lowered, but sensitivity and regenerative gain are reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower consumptionVSAvoidsensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically controls the cross-coupling connections using clock-driven inverters, allowing the circuit to maintain full supply voltage across the cross-coupled inverters during the decision phase. This eliminates the IR voltage drop that would otherwise reduce the supply voltage and compromise sensitivity. The dynamic switching ensures that maximum voltage and sensitivity are maintained when needed for accurate bit decision rendering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentUS11095273B1High-speed sense amplifier with a dynamically cross-coupled regeneration stage
Publication Date: 2021.08.17 QUALCOMM INC
  • US11095273B1 patent drawing
  • US11095273B1 patent drawing
  • US11095273B1 patent drawing

AI summary

In certain aspects, a regenerative stage of a sense amplifier includes a first inverter having an input and an output, and a second inverter having an input and an output. The regenerative stage also includes a third inverter having an input, an output coupled to the input of the second inverter, a first supply terminal coupled to a supply rail, and a second supply terminal coupled to the output of the first inverter. The regenerative stage further includes a fourth inverter having an input, an output coupled to the input of the first inverter, a first supply terminal coupled to the supply rail, and a second supply terminal coupled to the output of the second inverter.