Wireless Sensor Cluster Head Selection for Power Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
In wireless sensor networks, large-scale deployment of sensor nodes leads to power and communication resource wastage due to redundant measurements and interference, with limited power availability and inefficient data transmission, necessitating a method for long-term low-power operations.
Innovation Solution
A cluster configuration method and apparatus that selects cluster members, identifies radio signal strength deviations, classifies sensor groups, selects a cluster head and operating sensor nodes, and configures a virtual device to transmit data, dynamically changing nodes to conserve power and resources.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If sensor nodes are deployed on a large scale, then coverage area is improved, but power consumption and communication resource wastage increase due to redundant measurements and interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the large-scale sensor network into multiple clusters, each managed by a cluster head. This segmentation reduces the number of nodes that need to communicate directly with the central node, thereby reducing redundant measurements and power consumption while maintaining large coverage area.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple sensor nodes into clusters where they work together to monitor the same area. By merging their functions and having them report to a single cluster head, the system eliminates redundant measurements and reduces overall power consumption while maintaining comprehensive coverage.
2Measurement precision
If all sensor nodes perform measurements continuously, then measurement precision is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service mechanism where sensor nodes automatically adjust their measurement activity based on their cluster assignment. Only selected nodes within each cluster perform measurements and report to the cluster head, eliminating the need for all nodes to continuously measure while maintaining measurement precision through coordinated sampling.
3Speed
If cluster members transmit data directly to central node, then communication speed is improved, but power consumption and interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces cluster heads as intermediary nodes between sensor nodes and the central node. Data is first transmitted to the cluster head (short distance, low power), which then forwards it to the central node. This two-hop approach reduces direct transmission distance and power consumption while maintaining communication speed through efficient local aggregation.
4Reliability
If redundant sensor nodes operate simultaneously, then reliability is improved, but communication resource wastage and interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic cluster formation and node selection where the system adaptively determines which nodes are active based on current conditions. This dynamic approach maintains reliability through redundancy while improving communication efficiency by activating only the necessary number of nodes rather than having all nodes operate simultaneously.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for configuring a cluster may comprise selecting cluster members from among a plurality of communication nodes; identifying radio signal strength deviations between the cluster members; generating sensor groups by classifying the cluster members according to sensor types; selecting a head candidate group and a sensor candidate group of each of the sensor groups based on the radio signal strength deviations; selecting a cluster head in the head candidate group; selecting operating sensor nodes in the sensor candidate group; and configuring one among the operating sensor nodes as a virtual device, wherein the virtual device operates to transmit information obtained from the operating sensor nodes to the cluster head.