Sensor-Based Vehicle Maneuver Guidance Without HD Maps

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional autonomous vehicle systems rely on high-definition maps for navigation, which are computationally expensive, require significant processing power, and limit operation to mapped areas, making them less reliable and less capable of universal implementation.

Innovation Solution

The use of machine learning models that compute vehicle control data based on sensor data from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR sensors, allowing autonomous vehicles to perform maneuvers like lane changes and turns without relying on HD maps, using low-resolution map data and vehicle status information.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If high-definition maps are used for autonomous vehicle navigation, then navigation accuracy is improved, but computational cost and processing requirements increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenavigation accuracyVSAvoidcomputational cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSPower

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the dependency on high-definition maps from the autonomous vehicle navigation system. Instead of relying on HD maps for navigation, the system uses sensor data from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR combined with machine learning models to perform vehicle maneuvers. This extraction eliminates the computational burden of processing and matching HD map data while maintaining navigation capability through direct sensor-based perception and control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces expensive, computationally intensive HD map processing with cheaper, more efficient sensor data processing. The system uses low-resolution map data or no map data at all, relying instead on real-time sensor inputs from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR. This substitution dramatically reduces computational requirements while enabling universal operation in any location without needing pre-recorded HD maps.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

2Reliability

If high-definition maps are used for autonomous vehicle navigation, then navigation reliability is improved, but operational versatility deteriorates due to limitation in unmapped areas

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenavigation reliabilityVSAvoidoperational versatility
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent makes the autonomous vehicle navigation system universal by removing its dependency on HD maps. The system using sensor data from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR combined with machine learning models can operate in any location regardless of whether HD maps are available. This multi-functional approach allows the vehicle to perform navigation and maneuvering tasks using only sensor inputs and learned models, enabling operation in diverse environments including unmapped areas, construction zones, and remote locations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables the autonomous vehicle to navigate and perform maneuvers using its own sensor data and machine learning models without external HD map support. The system localizes itself and determines vehicle maneuvers based on its sensor inputs from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR, combined with control inputs and vehicle status data. This self-service capability allows the vehicle to operate independently in any location without relying on pre-recorded map data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Measurement precision

If high-definition maps are used for autonomous vehicle navigation, then maneuver guidance is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemaneuver guidance precisionVSAvoidenergy consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the HD map processing component from the navigation system, eliminating the energy-intensive operations of loading, processing, and matching HD map data. The system instead uses lightweight sensor data from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR combined with machine learning models to achieve accurate maneuver guidance with significantly reduced energy consumption.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

4Measurement precision

If high-definition maps are used for autonomous vehicle navigation, then localization accuracy is improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelocalization accuracyVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the complex HD map infrastructure from the system, including map generation, maintenance, updating, and matching components. The localization function is replaced by a simpler system that uses sensor data from cameras, RADAR, and LIDAR combined with machine learning models to determine vehicle position and perform maneuvers directly, significantly reducing system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentUS11755025B2Guiding vehicles through vehicle maneuvers using machine learning models
Publication Date: 2023.09.12 NVIDIA CORP
  • US11755025B2 patent drawing
  • US11755025B2 patent drawing
  • US11755025B2 patent drawing

AI summary

In various examples, a trigger signal may be received that is indicative of a vehicle maneuver to be performed by a vehicle. A recommended vehicle trajectory for the vehicle maneuver may be determined in response to the trigger signal being received. To determine the recommended vehicle trajectory, sensor data may be received that represents a field of view of at least one sensor of the vehicle. A value of a control input and the sensor data may then be applied to a machine learning model(s) and the machine learning model(s) may compute output data that includes vehicle control data that represents the recommended vehicle trajectory for the vehicle through at least a portion of the vehicle maneuver. The vehicle control data may then be sent to a control component of the vehicle to cause the vehicle to be controlled according to the vehicle control data.