Wireless Sensor Network Node Hibernation Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wireless sensor networks face energy-saving challenges due to size and cost constraints, which limit resources such as energy, memory, computational speed, and communications bandwidth.
Innovation Solution
The method involves classifying nodes into groups and applying redundant hibernation technology combined with MAC layer hibernation technology, where only one node in each group is active while others are in hibernation, with specific working and hibernation times, and employing MAC layer hibernation techniques like X-MAC, B-MAC, or Contiki-MAC to optimize energy usage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If nodes continuously monitor and detect channels to ensure data transmission reliability, then communication reliability is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic channel detection at MAC layer where nodes alternately wake up to detect channels and transmit/receive data, then enter hibernation. This periodic operation pattern allows nodes to maintain communication reliability during active periods while significantly reducing energy consumption during hibernation periods, resolving the contradiction between continuous monitoring and energy saving.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments nodes into multiple groups where each group has nodes that take turns being active or hibernating. This segmentation allows the network to maintain overall communication reliability through distributed nodes while individual nodes can conserve energy by hibernating when not needed for their specific monitoring location.
2Reliability
If all nodes remain active to ensure continuous monitoring coverage, then monitoring coverage is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides nodes into multiple groups, each responsible for monitoring specific locations. Within each group, nodes are further divided into active and hibernating subsets. This segmentation ensures that monitoring coverage is maintained across all locations through distributed active nodes while reducing total energy consumption by having only a subset of nodes active at any given time.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically changes the operational state parameter of nodes between active and hibernation modes based on group scheduling. This parameter change allows the system to maintain adequate monitoring coverage through strategic node activation while significantly reducing overall energy consumption by cycling nodes between states.
3Productivity
If nodes perform frequent channel detection and data transmission, then data transmission efficiency is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic MAC layer hibernation where nodes wake up at scheduled intervals to perform channel detection and data transmission, then return to hibernation. This periodic operation maintains data transmission efficiency during active periods while dramatically reducing energy consumption during hibernation periods, resolving the contradiction between frequent operation and energy saving.
Data Source
AI summary
In a method for controlling hibernation of nodes of a wireless sensor network (WSN), the nodes are classified into a number of groups, each of which monitors one location and has at least two nodes. Redundant hibernation is applied to the nodes in each group. MAC layer hibernation is further applied to each node.