Sensor Window Obstruction Mitigation via Vibration and Heating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Sensors used in autonomous systems, such as autonomous vehicles, can be compromised by obstructions like water, fog, dirt, or bugs on the sensor window, leading to inaccurate data and potentially hazardous operation.
Innovation Solution
A system that includes a vibratory actuator and a heating element to mitigate obstructions on the sensor window, combined with an obstruction detection system using environmental sensors and machine learning networks to classify and respond to obstructions, ensuring reliable sensor data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If the sensor operates in autonomous systems without operator assistance, then automation is improved, but the system becomes vulnerable to obstructions that cannot be detected or removed manually
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor system performs self-diagnosis by analyzing its own output data for signs of obstruction. The processor detects anomalies in sensor data patterns that indicate obstructions and automatically triggers mitigation actions without external intervention, allowing the autonomous system to maintain reliability through self-monitoring and self-correction
Solution Approach 2:
The system continuously monitors sensor data quality and uses feedback loops to detect obstructions. When obstructions are detected through data analysis, the system provides feedback to activate mitigation mechanisms such as heating elements or vibrators, creating a closed-loop control system that maintains sensor reliability autonomously
2Reliability
If heating elements are used to remove obstructions from the sensor window, then obstruction removal effectiveness is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies heating to the sensor window before obstructions fully develop or in preventive cycles. By maintaining the sensor window temperature above dew point or ice formation temperature through periodic or continuous low-level heating, the system prevents obstruction formation rather than dealing with established obstructions, reducing overall energy consumption
Solution Approach 2:
The heating element operates at variable power levels based on environmental conditions and detected obstruction types. The system adjusts heating intensity dynamically - using higher power for ice or frost removal and lower power for prevention or moisture control - optimizing the balance between obstruction removal effectiveness and energy consumption
3Reliability
If vibratory actuators are used to mitigate obstructions, then obstruction removal capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The vibratory actuator and heating element are integrated into a single obstruction mitigation system with shared control logic. Both mechanisms are controlled by the same processor that analyzes sensor data for obstructions, combining multiple mitigation functions into one unified system rather than separate independent systems, thereby managing complexity while maintaining comprehensive obstruction removal capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively removes or reduces obstructions, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of sensor data, thereby improving the safe operation of autonomous vehicles and other systems.
Implementation Method 1
a vibratory actuator coupled to the sensor window and configured to vibrate the sensor window
Implementation Method 2
a heating element configured to heat the sensor window
Data Source
AI summary
A system for detecting and/or mitigating the effects of an obstruction on a surface of a sensor may include a surface configured to receive the sensor, and comprising a sensor window configured to provide a path through which the sensor senses the environment. The system may also include a vibratory actuator configured to facilitate vibration of the sensor window and a heating element configured to heat the sensor window. The system may further include an obstruction detection system configured to detect an obstruction, such as moisture, and an obstruction mitigation controller configured to initiate activation of the vibratory actuator and/or the heating element to mitigate the obstruction. The obstruction detection system may be configured to receive a signal from one or more sensors and detect the obstruction based at least in part on the signal.