Separable Test Tube for Centrifugal Separation
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Solution Overview
Problem
In traditional centrifugal separators, the upper and lower layers separated during centrifugation often mix again shortly after separation, requiring the supernatant to be transferred to another test tube for secondary separation, which exposes it to air and risks contamination.
Innovation Solution
A separable test tube system comprising a first, second, and third tube, each with specific coupling and thread configurations, allowing for sequential centrifugal separation without replacing the test tubes, and utilizing packing members to maintain watertight seals and prevent mixing during handling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If a traditional single test tube is used for centrifugal separation, then the separation process is simple, but the separated layers mix again after centrifugation and require transfer to another tube for secondary separation
Solution Approach 1:
The test tube is divided into three separate tubes (first tube, second tube, third tube) that can be coupled together to form a single integrated system. Each tube has specific coupling portions with threads and grooves that allow them to connect securely. This segmentation allows the separated layers to remain in their respective tubes while maintaining structural integrity during centrifugation, preventing re-mixing of the separated components.
2Productivity
If the supernatant is transferred to another test tube for secondary separation, then secondary separation can be performed, but the supernatant is exposed to air and subject to contamination
Solution Approach 1:
The first tube, second tube, and third tube are merged into a single coupled system that functions as one integrated test tube assembly. The coupling portions with watertight members ensure that the connection between tubes is sealed, allowing the supernatant to be transferred between tubes within the closed system without exposure to air, thereby preventing contamination while enabling secondary separation.
Solution Approach 2:
The coupling portions act as intermediaries between the three tubes, providing a sealed connection that allows material transfer while maintaining isolation from the external environment. The threads and grooves with watertight members create a barrier that prevents air and contaminants from entering during the transfer process.
3Productivity
If a separable test tube system with coupling portions is used, then sequential separation without replacement is achieved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The test tube system is segmented into three separate tubes that can be easily coupled and uncoupled. Each tube has standardized coupling portions with threads and grooves that simplify the connection process. This segmentation allows for sequential separation operations while maintaining relatively simple individual tube structures that are easy to manufacture and handle.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design prevents re-mixing of separated layers and reduces the risk of contamination by allowing for efficient sequential separation and storage within the same test tube system, enhancing experimental efficiency and minimizing exposure to air during secondary separations.
Implementation Method 1
The centrifugal separator separates, refines, and concentrates materials having different compositions or specific gravities stored in the test tube by the action of centrifugal force according to the rotation of a rotor mounted with a test tube
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention includes a separable test tube for use in a centrifugal separator that does not need to separately transfer separation liquid to another test tube for a second separation after a first separation. The separable test tube includes a first tube including a first coupling portion, a second coupling portion, and an adjustment portion. A second tube includes a first body part, a first space portion, a first packing fastener, a third coupling portion which engages the first coupling portion, and an adjustment groove into which the adjustment portion is inserted. A third tube includes a second body part having a second space portion, a second packing fastener, and a fourth coupling portion which engages the second coupling portion. First and second watertight members are coupled to the first and second coupling portions, respectively. First and second packings are coupled to the first and second packing fasteners, respectively.