Sequential-Pixel Projection for Ego-Motion Compensation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current machine-vision systems face challenges in accurately determining ego-motion and segmenting/classifying targets in dynamic environments, particularly due to motion-induced image distortion and the need for precise spatial-temporal 3D sensing.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a sequential-pixel projection system that uses a combination of visible and non-visible light beams, along with dual-layer photon receivers, to project and detect patterns, enabling real-time 3D imaging and motion analysis by encoding information within the light patterns and dynamically adjusting illumination to enhance image quality.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional machine-vision systems are used in dynamic environments, then the system structure is simple, but motion-induced image distortion occurs and measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the imaging process into sequential pixel projection and detection phases. The sequential-pixel projection system projects light patterns pixel-by-pixel in time sequence, allowing motion compensation between projection and detection. This temporal segmentation enables precise ego-motion determination by comparing projected patterns with detected reflections, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces temporal dimension to the traditional spatial imaging system. By projecting pixels sequentially over time rather than simultaneously in space, the system creates a time-resolved measurement process. This dimensional transformation allows the system to track and compensate for motion artifacts, improving measurement precision without requiring overly complex hardware modifications.
2Measurement precision
If sequential-pixel projection system is implemented, then measurement precision and 3D sensing accuracy are improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The dual-layer photon receiver performs multiple functions: it detects both visible and non-visible light wavelengths, captures reflected light patterns for 3D sensing, and enables ego-motion compensation through temporal correlation. This multi-functionality consolidates what would otherwise require separate systems, improving measurement precision while moderating the increase in device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The sequential-pixel projection system acts as an intermediary between the light source and the target object. By projecting controlled light patterns pixel-by-pixel and detecting their reflections, it mediates the interaction between illumination and target, enabling precise 3D sensing and motion tracking without requiring direct complex sensor arrays on the target or overly complex illumination systems.
3Adaptability or versatility
If dual-layer photon receivers are used, then 3D sensing and motion analysis capabilities are enhanced, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges visible and non-visible light detection into a single dual-layer photon receiver structure. The first layer detects visible light while the second layer detects non-visible wavelengths, combining multiple detection functions in one integrated device. This merging approach enhances adaptability for multi-wavelength applications while avoiding the complexity of separate detection systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for precise determination of ego-motion and target features, overcoming motion-induced distortion and enabling accurate 3D sensing and classification in high-speed applications.
Implementation Method 1
a sequential-pixel projection system that uses a combination of visible and non-visible light beams
Implementation Method 2
detect light reflected from one or more surfaces and generate images of the surfaces
Implementation Method 3
charge-coupled device sensors and avalanche photodiodes, are sensitive to the illumination of photons
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and methods for machine vision are presented. Such machine vision includes ego-motion, as well as the segmentation and/or classification of image data of one or more targets of interest. The projection and detection of scanning light beams that generate a pattern are employed. Real-time continuous and accurate spatial-temporal 3D sensing is achieved. The relative motion between an observer and a projection surface is determined. A combination of visible and non-visible patterns, as well as a combination of visible and non-visible sensor arrays is employed to sense 3D coordinates of target features, as well as acquire color image data to generate 3D color images of targets. Stereoscopic pairs of cameras are employed to generate 3D image data. Such cameras are dynamically aligned and calibrated. Information may be encoded in the transmitted patterns. The information is decoded upon detection of the pattern and employed to determine features of the reflecting surface.