Serial Turbo Encoding for Low-Rate Wireless Error Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current wireless communication systems face challenges in achieving low coding rates, which are essential for enhancing transmission reliability, particularly in 5G NR and other multi-access technologies, as existing methods either require hardware changes or increase complexity.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a super encoder and super decoder configuration using turbo encoders and interleavers, where a first turbo encoded codeword is processed through an interleaver and then a second turbo encoder to achieve a lower overall code rate, and the decoding process involves serially concatenated turbo decoders to handle outer and inner turbo encoded data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a single turbo encoder is used with a fixed code rate, then the device complexity is low, but the transmission reliability cannot be improved for low code rates
Solution Approach 1:
The encoding process is segmented into two stages: an outer turbo encoder first processes the input data, then an inner turbo encoder processes the output of the outer encoder. This segmentation allows each encoder to operate at a manageable code rate (e.g., 1/3) while achieving an effective low code rate (e.g., 1/9) when combined, thereby improving transmission reliability without requiring a single complex encoder
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a nested encoding structure where the output of the outer turbo encoder becomes the input to the inner turbo encoder. This nested arrangement of encoders allows the system to achieve low effective code rates through composition of multiple encoders with higher individual code rates, improving reliability while maintaining reasonable device complexity
2Reliability
If hardware changes are made to achieve low code rates, then the transmission reliability improves, but the ease of manufacture deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses standard turbo encoder components that can serve multiple functions. The same turbo encoder design (e.g., rate 1/3) is used in the outer and inner encoding stages, allowing existing standardized components to be reused rather than requiring custom hardware modifications. This maintains ease of manufacture while achieving low effective code rates through the concatenated structure
3Reliability
If the code rate is reduced to enhance transmission reliability, then the transmission reliability improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of code rate by using a composition of two encoders with code rate 1/3 to achieve an effective code rate of 1/9. This parameter transformation allows the system to achieve low effective code rates (enhancing reliability) while keeping each individual encoder at a standard, manageable complexity level, avoiding the need for a single high-complexity low-rate encoder
Data Source
AI summary
In an aspect, an apparatus receives content to be transmitted and generates a first turbo encoded codeword from the content through use of a first turbo encoder. The apparatus is further configured to generate an interleaved codeword based on the first turbo encoded codeword through use of an interleaver, generate a second turbo encoded codeword from the interleaved codeword through use of a second turbo encoder, and transmit at least a portion of the second turbo encoded codeword. In another aspect, an apparatus receives data including outer turbo encoded, interleaved, inner turbo encoded content. The apparatus generates a first decoded instance of the data, generates a de-interleaved instance of the data based on the first decoded instance of the data, generates a second decoded instance of the data from the de-interleaved instance of the data, and performs a CRC on the second decoded instance of the data.