Series-Feed Array Antenna Phase Calibration via Internal Switch

The patent applies preliminary action by performing phase calibration before actual radar operation. A calibration mode is implemented where the phase shifter is adjusted to compensate for phase errors caused by manufacturing tolerances and temperature variations. This preliminary calibration ensures that the antenna array operates with correct phase relationships during normal radar detection, resolving the contradiction between using series-feed structure (for low power loss) and maintaining phase precision.

The patent implements universality by designing a calibration system that can correct phase errors in both horizontal and vertical directions using the same basic calibration architecture. The phase shifter and calibration circuitry are configured to handle phase corrections for antenna elements arranged in two-dimensional arrays, enabling the system to perform both horizontal beam steering calibration and vertical elevation calibration, thus making the calibration system versatile for three-dimensional radar applications.

The patent applies self-service by enabling the radar system to perform its own calibration using internal resources. Instead of requiring external reference antennas and standard reflection bodies, the system uses its own transmitter and receiver along with a controllable phase shifter to generate calibration signals and measure phase differences. The processor analyzes the calibration echo signals and automatically adjusts the phase shifter settings, making the calibration process self-contained and eliminating the need for complex external calibration equipment.