Series Switching Modules for AC Load Flow Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing AC voltage network load flow control devices are inefficient in distributing operating current evenly across parallel lines, leading to suboptimal energy transmission efficiency and reactive power management, especially with increasing energy demands from regenerative sources.
Innovation Solution
A device comprising a series connection of two-pole switching modules with energy storage and controllable power semiconductors, capable of generating a periodic longitudinal voltage, allowing for direct-axis voltage control and efficient load flow management, with the option of energy exchange between phase and outgoing lines through an energy exchange device.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fixed series compensation with capacitors is used, then reactive power compensation is achieved, but the device complexity and cost increase without enabling fast load flow control
Solution Approach 1:
The series compensation device is divided into multiple independently controllable switching modules connected in series. Each module can be individually controlled to generate the required longitudinal voltage, enabling flexible and fast load flow control while reducing overall system complexity through modular design
Solution Approach 2:
The compensation system transitions from fixed capacitor-based compensation to dynamic switching module control. The switching modules can rapidly change their output voltage in response to network conditions, enabling fast and adaptive load flow control that responds to changing energy demands
2Power
If parallel reactive power compensators are used, then reactive power control is achieved, but high voltages are required which increases cost and reduces efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of using parallel compensators that require high voltages, the invention uses series-connected switching modules that generate relatively small longitudinal voltages. This inverted approach of applying series compensation with controlled voltage injection achieves effective load flow control with lower voltage requirements, reducing energy losses and costs
3Productivity
If conventional compensation systems are used, then basic reactive power compensation is achieved, but fast and continuous voltage adjustment is not possible
Solution Approach 1:
The switching modules incorporate controllable power semiconductors that enable dynamic adjustment of the longitudinal voltage. The control device can rapidly modify the switching states to achieve continuous and fast voltage adjustment, responding quickly to changing load conditions and energy demands
Solution Approach 2:
The system enables continuous change of the longitudinal voltage parameter by controlling the switching modules. The switching modules can generate voltages ranging from positive to negative energy storage voltage values, providing continuous adjustable control for optimal load flow management
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables fast, reliable, and cost-effective load flow control, reducing the need for high voltages in series compensation, while influencing harmonics and stabilizing network instabilities, allowing for reactive and active power feed-in with efficient energy transfer.
Implementation Method 1
controllable power semiconductors that can be switched on and off and can be controlled in such a way that a switching module voltage can be generated at its poles corresponds to a positive or negative energy storage voltage or a voltage with the value zero
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3
Figure 4~5
AI summary
The invention relates to a device (1) for controlling a load flow in an alternating-voltage network (2). The device is distinguished by a module series circuit (3) of two-pole switching modules (6) that can be inserted in series into a phase line (21) of the alternating-voltage network, wherein each switching module has an energy store and controllable power semiconductors that can be switched on an off and each switching module can be controlled in such a way that a switching-module voltage can be produced at the poles thereof, which switching-module voltage corresponds to a positive or negative energy-store voltage or a voltage having the value of zero, and a control apparatus (20) for controlling the switching modules, which control apparatus is designed to control the switching modules in such a way that a periodic longitudinal voltage can be produced at the module series circuit (3). The invention further relates to a method for controlling a load flow in an alternating-voltage network by means of the device according to the invention.