Serum Peptide Patterns for Stroke Diagnostics
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods struggle to accurately differentiate intracranial hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) from acute ischemic stroke without specialized equipment, which is crucial for appropriate treatment selection and reducing unfavorable clinical outcomes, especially in resource-limited settings or emergencies.
Innovation Solution
Development of serum peptide patterns comprising 34 quantitative and 16 qualitative peptides, identified through tandem mass spectrometry, which are differentially expressed in ICH patients, allowing for diagnostic and differential diagnostic methods.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If MRI is used to differentiate ICH from AIS, then diagnostic accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/imaging system (MRI) with a biochemical analysis system (peptidomics). Instead of using magnetic resonance imaging to differentiate stroke types, the invention uses serum peptide profiling through mass spectrometry to achieve the same diagnostic differentiation, substituting a complex imaging device with a more accessible laboratory test.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces serum peptides as intermediary biomarkers that mediate between the disease state (ICH vs AIS) and the diagnostic measurement. These peptides serve as molecular mediators that carry diagnostic information from the pathological process in the brain to the serum sample, enabling indirect but accurate diagnosis without direct brain imaging.
2Loss of information
If peptidomics analysis is performed on serum, then diagnostic information is obtained, but high abundant proteins mask low abundant diagnostic peptides
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the peptidome fraction from serum, separating low abundant diagnostic peptides from high abundant proteins. This extraction process removes the interfering high abundant proteins while concentrating the diagnostic peptides, enabling their detection without the masking effect.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality enhancement by enriching the peptide fraction and removing high abundant proteins. This creates a localized environment where diagnostic peptides are no longer masked, effectively changing the concentration distribution to favor detection of low abundant species while eliminating the interference from high abundant proteins.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The serum peptide patterns provide a reliable means to distinguish ICH from acute ischemic stroke, facilitating appropriate treatment selection and reducing the risk of hemorrhagic complications by accurately identifying ICH without the need for MRI.
Implementation Method 1
identified through tandem mass spectrometry
Implementation Method 2
identified based on amino acid sequences
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to 4 serum peptide patterns for diagnostics of intracranial hemorrhagic stroke (ICH) in humans and differential diagnosis from acute ischemic stroke that are defined using a list of the 34 quantitative peptides that in sera of patients with ICH are increased 2 folds or more as compared with individuals without stroke and patients with acute ischemic stroke and a list of 16 qualitative peptides detectable in sera of the patients with ICH but not detectable in the sera of individuals without stroke and in sera of patients with acute ischemic stroke.