Server ECU Time Synchronization Using Shadow Grandmaster Clocks

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current Ethernet-based time synchronization protocols in vehicles have a single point of failure, the Grandmaster Clock, which is easily identifiable and vulnerable to attacks, posing a significant risk to operational safety, especially in systems with high automation or autonomy.

Innovation Solution

Implement a method where additional network devices mimic the Grandmaster Clock by sending synchronized time messages with unique identifiers, obscuring the actual Grandmaster's location, and monitor for deviations to detect and mitigate potential attacks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a single Grandmaster Clock is used for time synchronization in the network, then time synchronization accuracy is improved, but system reliability deteriorates due to single point of failure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetime synchronization accuracyVSAvoidsystem reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the single Grandmaster Clock into multiple shadow clocks distributed across different network devices. Each shadow clock maintains the same time synchronization function but operates independently, segmenting the single point of failure into multiple redundant components that can continue functioning if one fails.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates copies of the Grandmaster Clock function by implementing shadow clocks that replicate the time synchronization behavior. These shadow clocks send identical time synchronization messages to network devices, providing redundancy without requiring additional hardware complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Ease of operation

If the Grandmaster Clock location is made transparent in time synchronization messages, then ease of operation is improved, but security deteriorates due to easy identification and targeting

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetime synchronization operationVSAvoidattack vulnerability
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses shadow clocks that generate identical time synchronization messages as the real Grandmaster Clock, making it impossible for attackers to distinguish between the real Grandmaster and shadow clocks based on message content alone. This copying approach maintains operational transparency while providing security through indistinguishability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces shadow clocks as intermediary entities that mediate between the real Grandmaster Clock and network devices. These intermediaries replicate the Grandmaster's function and messages, creating a buffer that protects the real Grandmaster's identity while maintaining the same time synchronization service.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP4078862B1Method for securing the time synchronizatioin in a server ecu
Publication Date: 2026.02.11 CONTINENTAL AUTOMOTIVE TECHNOLOGIES GMBH
  • EP4078862B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4078862B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP4078862B1 patent drawingFigure 6

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for securing the time synchronization in a server ECU, wherein a time synchronization is carried out according to a time synchronization standard, having the steps of: - initializing the time synchronization of the components; - storing a unique clock identification of a grandmaster clock ascertained during the initialization step in each server ECU component which does not provide the previously ascertained grandmaster clock; - identifying a shadow controller which is selected from the server ECU components; - transmitting the synchronization messages; - requesting the transmission time in the shadow controller; - using the time in the follow-up message by means of the controller, which forms the grandmaster clock, and forwarding the time; and - transmitting additional messages for the time synchronization by means of selected network devices which do not provide the previously ascertained grandmaster clock, wherein the time information transmitted in the additional messages for the time synchronization, the clock parameters relevant to ascertaining the best clock using the BMCA, and the domain number match or are comparable to those of the previously ascertained grandmaster clock, and the additional messages for time synchronization contain a unique clock identification which corresponds to the identification of the respective selected network device.