Servo Test Control With Real-Time Stiffness Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing servo-controlled mechanical test systems face challenges in accurately applying desired loads due to nonlinear and unstable responses, especially under dynamic conditions, as they fail to account for changing specimen stiffness and actuator-structure interactions, leading to limitations in load control and frequency range.

Innovation Solution

A method and system that incorporate real-time stiffness correction using a predictive control scheme, which modifies the PID output by accounting for instantaneous and potential system responses, eliminating the need for additional feedback measurements and complex numerical models, and incorporates feed-forward and dither components to enhance servo-output accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional PID control is used in servo-controlled mechanical test systems, then the control system is simple to implement, but the system cannot accurately apply desired loads under dynamic conditions due to nonlinear and unstable responses

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload control accuracyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller predicts the system response before it occurs by calculating a predictive response parameter based on current servo-output and feedback values. This predictive action allows the controller to pre-compensate for nonlinearities and stiffness variations, improving load control accuracy under dynamic conditions without requiring complex real-time measurements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The control method continuously adjusts the predictive response parameter based on changing system conditions, including specimen stiffness variations and actuator-structure interactions. By dynamically modifying this parameter, the system maintains accurate load control across varying operating conditions without requiring complex numerical models or additional sensors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If stiffness correction is applied to account for changing specimen stiffness, then load control accuracy improves, but the control loop introduces latency that limits maximum testing frequency

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveload control accuracyVSAvoidcontrol loop latency
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The predictive response parameter is calculated using current servo-output and feedback values to estimate future system behavior. This preliminary calculation occurs before the actual response manifests, allowing the controller to pre-compensate for stiffness variations without waiting for delayed feedback measurements, thereby maintaining high testing frequencies

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The controller uses readily available data from the existing control loop (servo-output and feedback values) to compute the predictive response parameter. By leveraging data already present in the control system, the method avoids introducing additional measurement channels or complex sensor systems that would increase latency and system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Manufacturing precision

If additional feedback measurements and complex numerical models are used to account for system dynamics, then control accuracy under dynamic conditions improves, but device complexity and cost increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedynamic load control accuracyVSAvoidmeasurement and modeling complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The controller utilizes data already available within the existing control loop (servo-output and feedback values) to compute the predictive response parameter. This self-service approach eliminates the need for additional feedback measurements, specialized sensors, or complex numerical models, thereby maintaining dynamic load control accuracy without increasing device complexity or cost

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The method creates a simplified predictive model of system behavior by calculating a predictive response parameter that captures essential dynamics. This computational copy of the system response allows accurate control without requiring detailed physical models or extensive measurement infrastructure

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

4Productivity

If the system operates at higher testing frequencies, then productivity increases, but conventional PID control cannot maintain accurate load application due to system nonlinearities and instabilities

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetesting frequencyVSAvoidload control accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

By calculating the predictive response parameter in advance based on current control values, the system can anticipate and compensate for nonlinearities and instabilities before they affect load accuracy. This allows the system to operate at higher testing frequencies while maintaining precise load control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The predictive response parameter dynamically adapts to changing system conditions, including frequency variations and stiffness changes. This dynamic adjustment enables accurate load control across a wide range of testing frequencies, allowing the system to operate at higher productivities without sacrificing precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Data Source

PatentEP3479091B1A testing system with real-time compensation of varying system parameters
Publication Date: 2023.05.03 ILLINOIS TOOL WORKS INC
  • EP3479091B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3479091B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3479091B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6A

AI summary

A test system for testing a specimen include (a) a set of actuators for applying a desired time history of load to a specimen, (b) a drive unit connected to each actuator, (c) power generating elements (current/pneumatic/hydraulic) and (d) a controller connected to the drive units, the controller generates a drive signal for the drive unit based on feedback received from output of the specimen and an error derived from the feedback and an input command. The controller generates the drive signal by compensating varying system parameters which are introduced due to nonlinear response of the test system and the specimen, wherein the controller does not require (i) additional measured variable other than a feedback received from the specimen and (ii) a numerical model of the test system and the specimen.