Machine Tool Guide Motion Using Servo Vibration Before Startup
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Solution Overview
Problem
Machine tools experience a significant load on their drive systems when starting to move a workpiece towards a target position due to friction caused by an oil film shortage, leading to potential system deterioration.
Innovation Solution
The machine tool incorporates a control unit that applies vibration to the drive subject in an advancing and retreating motion before starting movement, which helps spread lubricating oil over the guide surfaces, reducing initial friction and load on the drive system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the drive subject is stopped and then started to move, then the drive subject can be positioned at the target location, but the oil film on the guide surface disappears causing high friction and large load on the drive system
Solution Approach 1:
The control unit applies vibration to the drive subject before the actual movement begins. This preliminary vibration action spreads the lubricating oil on the guide surface before the drive subject starts moving, preventing oil film shortage and reducing the friction force that would otherwise occur at the moment of startup.
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit generates vibration in the drive subject by controlling the servo motor to apply vibration in which an advancing motion toward the target position and a retreating motion opposite to the advancing motion are performed repeatedly. This mechanical vibration spreads the lubricating oil on the guide surface, reducing friction and the load on the drive system when the drive subject starts to move.
2Force
If vibration is applied to spread lubricating oil, then friction is reduced and load on drive system decreases, but the control system becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The existing servo motor that is already part of the machine tool's drive system is utilized to generate the vibration. The servo motor performs its primary function of moving the drive subject to the target position while also generating vibration to spread lubricating oil. This multi-functionality approach reduces control system complexity by reusing existing components rather than adding dedicated vibration generation devices.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach reduces the load on the drive system by minimizing the distance over which high friction acts, thereby suppressing drive system deterioration and improving operational efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the control unit controls the servo motor so as to apply vibration in which an advancing motion toward the target position and a retreating motion opposite to the advancing motion are performed repeatedly to the drive subject
Implementation Method 2
lubricating oil is supplied to the guide surface of the guide mechanism and so on. When the drive subject is stopped, an 'oil film shortage', in which a film of lubricating oil on the guide surface and so on disappears, may occur.
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a machine tool with which a load acting on a drive system for driving a drive subject when the drive subject starts to move toward a target position can be reduced. The machine tool includes a guide mechanism for guiding at least one drive subject from among a tool and a workpiece, a servo motor that moves the drive subject guided by the guide mechanism, and a control unit that controls the servo motor so as to move the drive subject from an initial position to the target position. The control unit controls the servo motor so as to apply vibration in which an advancing motion toward the target position and a retreating motion opposite to the advancing motion are performed repeatedly to the drive subject for a set period up to a point at which the drive subject starts to move toward the target position from the initial position.