Shadow Band Pyranometer Assembly for Automatic Sun Tracking
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional shadow band pyranometers require frequent adjustments to compensate for the changing declination of the sun and can be complex and costly, with existing solutions either cumbersome or expensive, and lack effective cleaning mechanisms for the sun sensors.
Innovation Solution
A motor-driven shadow band pyranometer with a centrally located sun sensor and an arcuate shade arm that traverses 90 degrees, featuring a fluid nozzle for cleaning and optional additional sensors for automatic tracking and bird deterrence, which can be retrofitted to existing equipment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a conventional shadow band with fixed position is used, then the structure is simple, but frequent adjustments are required to compensate for changing solar declination
Solution Approach 1:
The shadow band is transformed from a fixed structure to a dynamically adjustable one. The band can be repositioned along the platform to track the changing position of the sun throughout the year, eliminating the need for frequent manual adjustments while maintaining structural simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates a sun sensor that automatically detects the sun's position and triggers the shadow band to adjust its position accordingly. This self-service mechanism eliminates manual intervention and maintains optimal shading without requiring user knowledge or action.
2Extent of automation
If shading balls with dual-axis motor tracking are used, then automatic sun tracking is achieved, but the apparatus becomes extremely complicated and costly
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts only the essential tracking function needed for the shadow band, eliminating the complex dual-axis motor system. By using a single platform rotation mechanism instead of two independent motor drives, the system achieves automatic tracking with significantly reduced complexity and cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The rotating platform serves multiple functions: it positions the shadow band, supports the sun sensor, and provides the tracking mechanism all in one structure. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for separate components required in the shading ball system, reducing overall complexity.
3Stability of the object's composition
If a fixed shadow band is used, then the structure is stable, but the sun sensors cannot be easily cleaned
Solution Approach 1:
The shadow band's ability to rotate and adjust its position provides dynamic access to the sun sensors. The band can be moved out of the way to allow cleaning personnel to reach and clean the sensors, then returned to its shading position, maintaining both structural stability and cleaning accessibility.
4Reliability
If the shadow band is positioned vertically above the sensor, then effective shading is achieved, but the band may obstruct the sensor
Solution Approach 1:
The shadow band is divided into segments or designed with gaps that allow sunlight to reach the sensor while still providing adequate shading. This segmentation enables the band to fulfill its shading function without completely blocking the sensor's view of the sky.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of positioning the shadow band directly above the sensor in a vertical arrangement that causes obstruction, the band is positioned at an angle or offset in a different spatial dimension. This dimensional change allows effective shading to be achieved while maintaining clear access to the sensor.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Eliminates the need for frequent adjustments, provides automatic tracking of the sun's zenith movement, ensures the shadow arm does not obstruct sensors, and allows for easy cleaning of sun sensors, enhancing operational efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.
Implementation Method 1
a sun sensor to enable tracking and shading adjustments
Data Source
AI summary
A shadow band assembly includes a platform and an arcuate shadow arm extending upward from the platform and terminating in a free end above the platform. A sun sensor mounting location is located below the free end of the shadow arm. The arm is preferably further supported by a vertical strut. According to other embodiments, the arm is hollow and contains a fluid conduit and/or an electrical cable. A sun sensor may be mounted on top of the free end of the arm and a fluid nozzle may be mounted under the free end. A shadow band pyranometer includes the shadow band assembly, a sun sensor mounted at the mounting location and a motor drive coupled to the platform for azimuth tracking. Additional sensors with zenith tracking may also be provided.