Shape Memory Alloy Connection for Adjustable Vehicle Adhesion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing connections in motor vehicles are either non-destructively detachable but lack adjustability, making precise assembly and recycling difficult, or are destructively detachable, limiting component replacement and recycling.
Innovation Solution
A connection system using a shape memory alloy connection unit with adjustable adhesion capability, controlled by external physical or chemical factors, allowing for variable adhesion during assembly and detachment, enabling secure and permanent connections without visible screws and facilitating easy recycling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of repair
If a non-destructively detachable connection (e.g., threaded connection, hook and loop fastener) is used, then the connection can be detached and reused, but the adhesion capability is not adjustable and precise positioning during assembly is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The connection unit employs a shape memory alloy that can dynamically change its adhesion characteristics in response to temperature changes. During assembly at lower temperatures, the alloy exhibits lower adhesion allowing easy positioning and adjustment. After assembly, when exposed to higher temperatures (e.g., from engine operation or sunlight), the alloy increases adhesion to secure the connection permanently.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical parameter of the connection unit by utilizing the phase transition temperature of the shape memory alloy. Below the transition temperature, the alloy has austenitic structure with lower adhesion; above the transition temperature, it transforms to martensitic structure with higher adhesion. This parameter change enables both precise positioning during assembly and secure permanent connection afterward.
2Strength
If a destructively detachable connection (e.g., rivet connection, welded connection, adhesive bond) is used, then strong connection force is achieved, but component replacement and recycling are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The shape memory alloy connection unit provides a dynamic connection that can transition between strongly bonded and easily separable states. During normal operation at elevated temperatures, the alloy maintains strong adhesion equivalent to permanent connections. When replacement is needed, cooling the alloy below its transition temperature reduces adhesion, allowing clean separation without damage to components, enabling reuse and recycling.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention exploits the temperature-dependent phase transition of the shape memory alloy to change the connection strength parameter. At operating temperatures above the transition point, the alloy provides maximum connection force. For maintenance or recycling, lowering the temperature below the transition point reduces adhesion strength, enabling non-destructive separation while maintaining component integrity for reuse.
3Shape
If adhesive bonding is used to connect components, then no visible screws are needed for aesthetic purposes, but the connection cannot be easily detached for recycling
Solution Approach 1:
The shape memory alloy provides an adhesive bonding solution that maintains aesthetic appearance without visible fasteners while enabling easy detachment. The alloy's adhesion strength dynamically responds to temperature: during assembly and normal operation, it provides strong bonding with clean surface contact for aesthetic appearance. For recycling, temperature control reduces adhesion, allowing separation without damage to either the connection surface or connected components.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the adhesion parameter of the connection unit through temperature-induced phase transition of the shape memory alloy. This allows the same adhesive bonding interface to provide both aesthetic appearance (clean bond line) and recyclability (controllable separation) by adjusting the temperature parameter above or below the alloy's transition point.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system allows for precise positioning and secure connection of components, easy detachment, and enhanced recycling capabilities, while also enabling dynamic adjustment of vehicle rigidity and acoustic optimization based on driving states and conditions.
Implementation Method 1
a shape memory alloy connection unit with adjustable adhesion capability, controlled by external physical or chemical factors
Data Source
AI summary
A connection between at least two components of a motor vehicle includes at least one connection unit which is arranged and/or formed on one of the components, and provides at least one connection surface of the connection. At least one characteristic of the connection unit is deliberately changeable, in such a manner that an adhesion capability of the connection surface is adjustable.