Shape Memory Alloy Ring Size Adjustment Stability

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing shape-memory alloy jewelry items are prone to unstable size changes when worn due to transition temperatures close to body temperature, leading to unwanted deformation or loss.

Innovation Solution

Designing a ring with a shape memory alloy portion that has a transition temperature Af significantly higher than body temperature, allowing for reversible size adjustment without instability when worn, using alloys like palladium, platinum, or gold with Af temperatures above 80°C, enabling stable sizing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of operation

If shape memory alloy jewelry items use transition temperatures close to body temperature, then easy size adjustment is achieved, but stability of the jewelry size when worn deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveease of size adjustmentVSAvoidstability of jewelry size
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the critical parameter of transition temperature from close to body temperature to significantly higher than body temperature (Af > 80°C). This parameter change allows the jewelry to maintain stable size when worn while still enabling easy size adjustment through controlled heating, thus resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Ease of operation

If plastic deformation is applied to change jewelry size, then size adjustment is achieved, but risk of irreversible damage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesize adjustment capabilityVSAvoidrisk of irreversible damage
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical plastic deformation system with a thermally-induced phase transformation system. Instead of applying mechanical stress to plastically deform the material, the invention uses controlled heating to induce martensitic phase transformation, allowing reversible size change without the risk of irreversible damage associated with plastic deformation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes the martensitic phase transition of shape memory alloys, where heating above the Af temperature transforms the material from martensitic to austenitic phase, enabling reversible shape and size changes. This phase transition mechanism allows size adjustment without permanent deformation, resolving the contradiction between ease of operation and reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #36Phase transitions

3Manufacturing precision

If conventional resizing procedures are used, then precise size control is achieved, but manufacturing complexity and time increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision of size controlVSAvoidcomplexity of resizing procedure
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical resizing procedures (cutting, material removal/addition, resoldering, polishing) with a simple thermal treatment process. By applying controlled heating to induce phase transformation, the jewelry can be resized precisely without requiring multiple complex operations, thus reducing manufacturing complexity while maintaining precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The ring maintains its adjusted size stably when worn, preventing unwanted deformation and ensuring durability through higher transition temperatures, facilitating easy size changes without heat-induced instability.

Implementation Method 1

A shape memory alloy (SMA) is a metallic alloy possessing several properties: the ability to retain an initial shape and recover it even after deformation (one-way shape memory effect)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShape memory effect: Shape Memory Alloy

Implementation Method 2

The transition from one phase to the other occurs either through a change in temperature or through the application of stress. The advantage of AMFs is that the phase transformation is displacive

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase transformation: Phase Change

Implementation Method 3

Among the alloying materials (AMFs), so-called superelastic alloys have the capacity to deform significantly (up to 10%) reversibly under stress, creating a stress-induced phase. When the stress is removed, this new phase becomes unstable, and the alloy returns to its original shape.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSuperelasticity: Pseudoelasticity

Data Source

PatentEP3572549A1Jewellery item
Publication Date: 2019.11.27 RICHEMONT INTERNATIONAL SA
  • EP3572549A1 patent drawingFigure 1a~1b
  • EP3572549A1 patent drawingFigure 2a~2b
  • EP3572549A1 patent drawingFigure 3a~3b

AI summary

The present invention relates to a piece of jewelry, in particular a ring (1) comprising at least one portion (20) made of a shape-memory alloy. The final phase transition temperature of the shape-memory alloy from martensitic to austenitic is higher than and sufficiently far from body temperature or wearing temperature so that said portion (20) does not change phase when the piece of jewelry is worn.