Shape-Memory Alloy Coupler for Embolic Device Delivery
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional embolic device deployment systems face challenges with accurate placement and release of embolic devices in arteries, particularly in sensitive locations like the brain, due to cumbersome maneuvering and high risk of error, which can lead to significant damage.
Innovation Solution
An embolic device delivery system featuring a delivery catheter with a maneuverable coupler made of shape-memory alloy, allowing for secure engagement and precise release of the embolic device using a U-shaped curve and locking windows, enabling safe and efficient placement and removal within the artery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional embolic device deployment systems are used, then the procedure can be performed, but accurate placement and release are difficult due to cumbersome maneuvering
Solution Approach 1:
The coupler is designed with a shape-memory alloy that changes its mechanical properties dynamically in response to temperature changes. At room temperature, the coupler maintains a constrained configuration for secure engagement, while at body temperature, it transitions to a released configuration for easy disengagement. This dynamic behavior resolves the contradiction by providing both secure engagement during delivery and easy release at the target site.
Solution Approach 2:
The system utilizes temperature as a control parameter to change the state of the coupler. The shape-memory alloy undergoes a phase transition when exposed to body temperature, changing from a rigid engaged state to a flexible released state. This parameter change allows the system to achieve both accurate placement (through secure engagement at room temperature) and easy release (through material property change at body temperature).
2Reliability
If conventional embolic device deployment systems are used, then the device can be delivered, but release is cumbersome and error-prone
Solution Approach 1:
The release mechanism is designed to be self-actuating through the body's natural temperature. Once the catheter with the engaged embolic device reaches the target site, the body temperature automatically triggers the shape-memory alloy to change configuration, causing the coupler to release the embolic device without requiring complex external actuation mechanisms. This self-service approach improves release reliability while minimizing device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical release mechanisms with a thermally-actuated shape-memory alloy system. Instead of using multiple moving parts, springs, or cam mechanisms for release, the system relies on the intrinsic phase transition properties of the shape-memory alloy material. This substitution of mechanical complexity with material science principles achieves reliable release with minimal device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system ensures accurate and reliable placement of embolic devices with reduced risk of damage, as the coupler's shape-memory properties facilitate secure engagement and easy release, improving the efficiency and safety of the procedure.
Implementation Method 1
a maneuverable coupler (130) made of shape-memory alloy disposed inside the delivery catheter (110)
Data Source
Figure 1a~1b
Figure 2a~2b
Figure 2c~4
AI summary
A system and method for delivering an embolic device are disclosed. In one embodiment, the system and method may be directed to a combination of a catheter, coupler, and embolic device. The coupler is disposed inside of the catheter. The embolic device is coupled with a retaining mechanism at the proximal end. Until the embolic device is delivered to a certain location within an artery, the embolic device is engaged with the catheter by engaging the coupler with the retaining mechanism. The embolic device is further secured to the delivery catheter by securing the coupler with a securing mechanism formed on the catheter. When the delivery catheter reaches the desired location in the artery, the embolic device is released from the delivery catheter by simply pulling the coupler proximally such that the loop portion of the coupler first becomes disengaged from the locking window and then from the retaining mechanism.