Shape Memory Cargo Restraint Actuator for Automated ULD Latching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cargo handling systems for aircraft rely on manual operation of latches for unit load devices (ULDs), which are prone to user error and inefficiency.
Innovation Solution
The development of an actuator assembly utilizing shape memory coil springs, which are electrically communicated with a control unit to automatically transition a pawl assembly between retracted and erected states, thereby facilitating secure locking and unlocking of ULDs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If manual operation of latches is used, then device complexity is reduced, but reliability deteriorates due to user error
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the manual mechanical latch operation with an automated electromechanical actuator assembly. The actuator uses a shape memory alloy coil spring that converts electrical energy into mechanical motion to automatically move the pawl assembly between retracted and erected states, eliminating manual intervention and associated user errors while maintaining operational simplicity through electrical control.
Solution Approach 2:
The actuator assembly is self-actuating through the shape memory alloy coil spring mechanism. When electrical current is applied, the coil spring automatically changes its physical state and drives the pawl assembly without requiring external manual operation. The system serves itself by converting electrical signals into the necessary mechanical actions for locking and unlocking.
2Productivity
If automated actuator assembly is implemented, then productivity is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex multi-component mechanical actuation systems with a streamlined electromechanical actuator. The shape memory alloy coil spring directly converts electrical energy to mechanical motion, eliminating the need for motors, gearboxes, linkages, and other complex mechanical transmission components. This substitution maintains high productivity through automated operation while significantly reducing overall device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The actuator utilizes changes in the physical parameters of the shape memory alloy material. When electrical current flows through the coil spring, the material undergoes a phase transformation that changes its shape and dimensions, directly producing the mechanical motion needed to actuate the latch. This parameter-based actuation method simplifies the device by using material property changes rather than complex mechanical mechanisms.
3Ease of operation
If shape memory coil spring is used, then ease of operation is improved, but manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent exploits parameter changes in the shape memory alloy material properties during phase transformation. The coil spring's dimensions, shape, and mechanical characteristics change predictably when electrical current is applied, enabling simple electrical operation. While manufacturing precision is critical for ensuring consistent phase transformation behavior and reliable actuation, the operational simplicity is greatly enhanced as users only need to apply electrical signals rather than manipulate complex mechanical controls.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The actuator assembly enhances the efficiency and reliability of cargo restraint operations by reducing the likelihood of user error and enabling automated, precise control of latch mechanisms.
Implementation Method 1
a first shape memory coil spring in electrical communication with the control unit, the first shape memory coil spring configured to increase in length in response to receiving a current from the control unit
Data Source
AI summary
An actuator assembly may comprise a control unit and a shape memory coil spring in electrical communication with the control unit. The shape memory coil spring may increase from a first length to a second length in response to receiving a current from the control unit. The shape memory coil spring may be configured to translate a spacer and/or a slider shaft in response to increasing in length. The shape memory coil spring may be configured to transition a pawl in a latch assembly from a retracted state to an erected state, and vice versa.