Shaped Charge Liner with Segmented Powder Composition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current perforation methods for oil and gas wells using shaped charges lack the ability to selectively control jet velocity and mass, which can result in suboptimal penetration and hole diameter, affecting well production efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A shaped charge design featuring a liner formed from powder materials with varying compositional parameters such as density, particle diameter, hardness, and porosity between the apex and skirt, allowing for adjustable jet characteristics upon detonation, optimized through the use of metal and non-metal powder mixes and 3D printing techniques.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a shaped charge uses a traditional liner, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the jet velocity and mass cannot be selectively controlled
Solution Approach 1:
The liner is divided into multiple segments with different material compositions along its length. Each segment can be formed from different powder materials (metal or non-metal) to provide different jet characteristics at different positions, enabling selective control of jet velocity and mass while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Different portions of the liner are assigned different material properties. The liner includes regions with varying powder material compositions, densities, and particle size distributions to locally optimize jet velocity and mass characteristics for specific perforation requirements.
2Productivity
If the liner is formed from uniform powder material, then the manufacturing process is simple, but the perforation penetration and hole diameter are suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The powder material parameters (density, particle diameter, hardness, porosity) are varied along the liner length to optimize perforation performance. Different segments use different powder compositions and physical parameters to achieve deeper penetration and larger hole diameters while controlling manufacturing complexity through systematic parameter variation.
Solution Approach 2:
The liner is constructed as a composite structure combining different powder materials (metal powders, non-metal powders) in specific segments. This composite approach enables optimization of both penetration capability and hole diameter while managing manufacturing complexity through modular composite construction.
3Speed
If the liner parameters are optimized for maximum penetration, then the jet velocity increases, but the jet mass decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The liner is segmented into regions that prioritize different characteristics: some segments use higher density materials to increase jet mass, while other segments use optimized material compositions to maximize jet velocity. This segmentation allows simultaneous optimization of both parameters for the overall perforation system.
Solution Approach 2:
Material density, composition, and physical parameters are systematically varied along the liner to create an optimized gradient that balances jet velocity and mass. The parameter changes are designed to achieve both high penetration (velocity) and sufficient jet mass for effective perforation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables deeper penetration, larger hole diameters, and improved perforation characteristics, enhancing oil and gas well production by tailoring jet properties for specific applications.
Implementation Method 1
A shaped charge generally comprises a high explosive material located between a case and a liner. A portion of the liner forms a jet which is propelled away from the case when the shaped charge is detonated.
Implementation Method 2
when the shaped charge is detonated
Data Source
AI summary
A technique facilitates perforation, including the perforation of a casing and formation. A shaped charge is formed with a case, a liner, and a high explosive material located between the case and the liner. The liner is formed of a powder material, e.g. a powder metal material. The powder material properties of the liner between an apex of the liner and a skirt of the liner may be selectively varied to provide a desired jet velocity and jet mass of the liner upon detonation of the high explosive material.