Sharded Blockchain Ledger for Scalable Data Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blockchain systems face scalability issues due to their reliance on global ledgers, which require coordination among disparate systems and introduce delays, making them unsuitable for fast and large-scale data transfers, especially in contexts like digital cash transactions where quick updates are necessary.
Innovation Solution
A decomposed, stateless blockchain arrangement that shards the ledger into sub-ledgers, allowing each sub-ledger to operate independently, reducing the need for inter-shard communication and enabling efficient verification and transfer processes, thereby enhancing scalability and fault tolerance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a global ledger is used to track data transfers, then security and verification are improved, but scalability and transaction speed deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the global ledger into multiple independent sub-ledgers (shards), where each sub-ledger tracks a specific subset of data units. This segmentation allows parallel processing of transactions across different sub-ledgers, improving transaction speed while maintaining security through cryptographic verification of individual sub-ledger states.
2Reliability
If a distributed ledger is used to increase accessibility, then fault tolerance is improved, but bandwidth requirements and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system distributes different sub-ledgers across multiple servers rather than replicating the entire global ledger on each node. This reduces the storage and synchronization burden on each server, lowering system complexity while maintaining fault tolerance through the distributed architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a coordinator component that manages cross-sub-ledger operations and maintains a mapping between data units and their respective sub-ledgers. This intermediary simplifies the complexity of distributed coordination by centralizing certain management functions while preserving the benefits of distribution.
3Reliability
If proof-of-work consensus mechanism is used to secure the blockchain, then security is improved, but transaction delay and energy consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
By segmenting the ledger into independent sub-ledgers, the system can apply lighter consensus mechanisms to each sub-ledger rather than requiring full proof-of-work for every transaction across the entire system. This reduces transaction delay while maintaining security through the combined verification of multiple sub-ledgers.
Data Source
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AI summary
Exclusive ownership of data units, such as monetary units, is transferred by inputting a request from a transferor, to transfer to a transferee at least a designated one of the data units, said request including an identifier of the transferor, an identifier of the designated data unit, and an identifier of a transferee. The identifier of the transferor is verified and the absence of any other request to transfer the designated data unit is confirmed. A designation of ownership of the designated data unit is then changed from the transferor to the transferee in a ledger, which is comprised of a group of subledgers, each configured as a blockchain.